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Respiratory System > Management > Flashcards

Management Flashcards

1
Q

What antibiotic would you usually prescribe for patients that have a Bronchiectasis diagnosis?

A

AMoxicillin

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2
Q

For patients with long term severe Bronchiectasis what long term medication may that be on?

A

Antibiotics

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3
Q

What is the first test that you should do if you suspect your patient has asthma?

A

A peak flow test

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4
Q

What test should you carry out after a peak flow test?

A

Spirometry

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5
Q

What position should your patient be in when they carry out a peak flow?

A

Standing up position

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6
Q

What type of blow should a patient do when carrying out a peak flow?

A

Short and sharp breath, like shooting a dart

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7
Q

What does a spirometry test measure?

A

The amount of air you can blow out of your lungs and how fast you can blow it out

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8
Q

What can spirometry help you determine?

A

Whether the patient has an obstructive or restrictive defect

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9
Q

Can every patient carry out a spirometry?

A

No, if they have underlying health conditions they shouldn’t carry it out e.g., angina, heart problems, pneumothorax or a late term pregnancy

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10
Q

What factors are associated with a patients predicted spirometry graph?

A

Age, sex and height

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11
Q

Once you have done the initial spirometry what should you do next?

A

Administer a bronchodilator and repeat the test

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12
Q

What type of defect will have a larger reduction in FEV1?

A

Obstructive airway defect

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13
Q

How long should you wait after administering a SABA to redo the spirometry?

A

15 minutes

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14
Q

What are the first line treatments for patients that have just had an asthma diagnosis?

A

~Start ICS for 6 weeks
~Complete serial peak flow readings

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15
Q

What are the 4 different types of treatment that we use to treat asthmatic patients?

A

~Short acting beta 2 agonists (SABAs)
~Long acting beta 2 agonists (LABAs)
~Muscuranic antagonists
~Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)

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16
Q

Once you have decided on the treatment for the patient what do you need to decide on next?

A

The type of inhaler that the patient needs

17
Q

What are the main 3 different types of inhalers?

A

Dry powder, metered dose and soft mist

18
Q

What’s the preferred type of inhaler for asthmatic patients?

A

Dry powder inhalers

19
Q

What effect can patients experience from using a metered dose inhaler?

A

Freon’s effect

20
Q

What is the Freon’s effect?

A

When the drug just sits at the back of your throat and you end up just coughing it up, so it does not have any relief for the patients symptoms

21
Q

What colour is a SABA inhaler (eg salbutamol)?

A

Blue

22
Q

What colour is an ICS inhaler (eg beclomethasone)?

A

Brown

23
Q

What colour is a LABA inhaler (eg salmeterol)?

A

Green

24
Q

What colour is a LABA/ICS inhaler (eg fostair)?

A

Pink

25
Q

What colour is a LABA/ICS inhaler (eg seretide)?

A

Purple

26
Q

How should a patient breath in when they are taking their inhaler?

A

Slow and steadily

27
Q

How long should you hold your breath after taking an inhaler?

A

10 seconds

28
Q

What is usually prescribed to a young patient to help them with taking their inhaler?

A

A spacer device

29
Q

When a patient is admitted with an acute asthma attack, what’s the first line treatment you should use?

A

High dose Beta 2 agonists as a nebuliser

30
Q

What does the protein level of a pleural effusions have to be to indicate they are exudate?

A

> 30 g/L

31
Q

What does an exudate fluid indicate usually?

A

This is the inflammation ones e.g., cancer, infection, PE and autoimmune

32
Q

What does the protein level of a pleural effusions have to be to indicate they are transudate?

A

<30 g/L

33
Q

What does a transudate fluid indicate usually?

A

This is all your failures e.g., CHF, liver disease, nephrotic syndrome and end stage kidney disease

Respiratory System (3 decks)

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