Mandibular and maxillary augmentation for dental implants

Question 1

Intro

Answer 1

• Dental implants are the most preferred treatment option for replacing missing teeth. However, for dental implant placement, adequate bone volume is required .
• In cases where there is insufficient bone volume in the mandible and maxilla, bone augmentation procedures are necessary to improve the implant’s long-term success rate .
• This presentation will discuss the two main types of bone augmentation procedures used for dental implants, mandibular and maxillary augmentation.

Question 2

Mandibular Augmentation:

What is Mandibular Augmentation?

Answer 2

Mandibular augmentation is a surgical procedure to increase the amount of bone in the lower jaw , which is necessary for dental implant placement.

Question 3

Mandibular Augmentation:

What is the most common reason for mandibular augmentation?

Answer 3

The most common reason for mandibular augmentation is bone resorption , which can occur due to tooth loss , trauma , or periodontal disease .

Question 4

Mandibular Augmentation:

There are several techniques used for mandibular augmentation, including

Answer 4

1. bone grafting,
2. distraction osteogenesis, and
3. guided bone regeneration.

Question 5

Bone grafting:

Procedure:

Answer 5

1. Bone grafting involves taking bone from a donor site and placing it in the mandible or maxilla .
2. The donor bone can be from the patient’s own body , a cadaver , or a synthetic source.
3. Once the bone graft is placed, it is allowed to heal and fuse with the existing bone , providing a stable base for implant placement .

Question 6

Distraction osteogenesis:

Answer 6

1. Distraction osteogenesis involves surgically placing a device called a distractor on the mandible .
2. The distractor slowly separates the mandible into two segments , and new bone grows in the gap between the segments .
3. This technique allows for significant mandibular lengthening , making it an ideal solution for patients with severe mandibular deficiency .

Question 7

Guided bone regeneration:

Answer 7

• Guided bone regeneration involves placing a barrier membrane over the defect area to prevent soft tissue from filling in the space .
• This technique encourages bone regeneration and allows for proper implant placement.
• Guided bone regeneration can be used alone or in combination with bone grafting.

Question 8

Maxillary augmentation:

Answer 8

• Maxillary augmentation is a surgical procedure to increase the amount of bone in the upper jaw , which is necessary for dental implant placement.
• The most common reason for maxillary augmentation is bone resorption , which can occur due to tooth loss, trauma, or periodontal disease .
• There are several techniques used for maxillary augmentation, including bone grafting , sinus lift , and ridge expansion .

Question 9

Sinus lift:

Answer 9

• Sinus lift involves lifting the sinus membrane and placing bone graft material in the space created .
• The sinus lift procedure is necessary when there is insufficient bone height in the posterior maxilla due to sinus enlargement .
• The bone graft material is allowed to heal and fuse with the existing bone , providing a stable base for implant placement .

Question 10

Ridge expansion:

Answer 10

• Ridge expansion involves making a horizontal cut in the maxilla and gradually expanding the ridge to create more space for implant placement .
• This technique is useful when there is insufficient bone width in the maxilla.

Question 11

Conclusion:

Answer 11

• In conclusion, mandibular and maxillary augmentation procedures are necessary for successful dental implant placement when there is insufficient bone volume in the jaw. These procedures involve bone grafting, distraction osteogenesis, guided bone regeneration, sinus lift, and ridge expansion.
• The choice of augmentation technique depends on the location and severity of the bone defect, the patient’s medical history, and the surgeon’s preference.
• However, with proper planning, bone augmentation procedures can provide a stable base for dental implant placement and improve the long-term success rate of the implant.