Marine Science Flash Cards (Activity 2.02)
1st organisms
Autotrophs.
Autotrophs lived in
Tide pools, hot springs and hydrothermal vents.
Natural selection
The process where organisms with variations best suited to their environment survive.
Theory of evolution
The process where organisms change over long periods of time.
Conditions for natural selection
- Struggle for existence
- Variation & adaptation
- Survival of the fittest
Struggle for existence
Cause: If more individuals are produced that can survive…
Effect: Than individuals in a population must compete for food, living space, and other necessities.
Variation
When similar organisms show differences in heritable traits.
Adaptation
An organisms heritable trait that increases it’s ability to survive and reproduce.
Fitness
An organisms ability to reproduce and survive.
Natural selection
All species will choose the best partner possible for what they consider to be the most desirable traits.
Speciation
The creation of a new species from environmental factors and/or 2 pre-existing species (hybridization).
Divergent evolution
Different species do have a common ancestor that becomes less and less alike over time.
Convergent evolution
Different species don’t have a common ancestor, they evolved separately but look similar.
During divergent evolution
Species have homologous traits, which look similar but have different purposes.
During convergent evolution
Species have analogous traits, which look different, but serve the same purpose.
