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Grade 9 Science Flash cards > Matter + Basic Chemistry info > Flashcards

Matter + Basic Chemistry info Flashcards

1
Q

How many rules are in the particle theory of matter?

A

4

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2
Q

What is the first rule in the particle theory of matter?

A

All matter is made up of tiny particles

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3
Q

What is the second rule in the particle theory of matter?

A

Particles are constantly moving in random directions

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4
Q

What is the third rule in the particle theory of matter?

A

Particles move faster when heated

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5
Q

What is the fourth rule in the particle theory of matter?

A

Particles are attracted to each other

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6
Q

What are the 3 states of matter?

A

solid, liquid, gas

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7
Q

How do solid particles act?

A

particles are densely packed and move slowly

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8
Q

How do liquid particles act?

A

particles are more spaced out and move fast.

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9
Q

How do gas particles act?

A

particles are very spaced out and move very quickly.

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10
Q

What is a pure substance?

A

Matter that consists of only one type of particle

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11
Q

What are the 2 types of pure substances?

A

elements and compound

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12
Q

What are elements?

A

elements are substances that cannot be broken down into chemically simpler components (elements)

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13
Q

What are Compounds?

A

Compounds are substances that can be broken down into chemically simpler components (elements)

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14
Q

What are Mixtures?

A

A mixture is anything that consists of 2 or more substances

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15
Q

What are the 2 types of Mixtures?

A

Homogenous mixtures and heterogeneous mixture

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16
Q

What is a homogenous mixture?

A

a homogenous mixture (aka a solution) has substances that are indistinguishable and has a uniform appearance

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17
Q

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

A

a heterogeneous mixture (aka a mechanical mixture) has substances that are distinguishable and different substances are easily noticeable

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18
Q

What is an example of a homogenous mixture?

A

apple juice

19
Q

What is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?

A

pizza

20
Q

What are chemical properties?

A

Properties that describe the object’s ability of undergoing a chemical reaction

21
Q

list chemical properties

A
  • Flammability
  • Reactivity
  • Toxicity
  • Acidity
  • Corrosion
22
Q

What are physical properties?

A

Properties that describe the appearance of an object

23
Q

Physical properties can be…

A

Qualitative (observable) or quantitative (measurable)

24
Q

List some qualitative properties (5 min)

A
  • Color
  • Texture
  • Size
  • State
  • Malleability
  • ductile
  • conductivity
  • Magnetism
  • Viscosity
  • Solubility
25
Q

List some quantitative properties

A
  • Temperature
  • Boiling point
  • Freezing point
  • height
  • mass
26
Q

What is a Physical change?

A

A change to the physical properties of an object. Physical Changes don’t change the objects particles.

27
Q

What is a Chemical Change?

A

A change in which the object changes into another substance. Chemical Changes change the objects particles.

28
Q

List some observations that could be made during a chemical change (4)

A
  • change in color
  • change in odor
  • change in temperature (occurs on its own)
  • bubbles or fizzing
29
Q

Examples of a physical change

A

a piece of paper turned into an origami crane

30
Q

Example of a chemical change

A

an apple turning brown after being outside for a while

31
Q

What are the 2 parts in an atom?

A

Nucleus and electron cloud

32
Q

What part of the atom makes up the mass of an atom?

A

Nucleus

33
Q

How many electrons are on the 1st shell?

A

2

34
Q

What are the max number of electrons on the 2nd shell and up

A

8

35
Q

What are the 3 subatomic particles?

A

electrons, protons, neutrons

36
Q

what charge are protons

A

+1 (positive)

37
Q

what charge are electrons

A

-1 (negative)

38
Q

what charge ar neutrons

A

0 (neutral)

39
Q

What is the mass of a neutron and proton?

A

1 u

40
Q

What is the mass of a electron?

A

0.0005 u

41
Q

what does the atomic number mean?

A

The atomic number represents the number of protons in an element.

Elements are DEFINED by the number of protons in its atoms (the atomic number).

42
Q

What is the chemical symbol?

A

Elements are represented by a chemical symbol. A one or 2 letter abbreviation for the element.

43
Q
A

Grade 9 Science Flash cards (4 decks)

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