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Uncategorized > Medical Terminology Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

diagnosis

A

identification of disease or condition by a scientific evaluation of physical signs, symptoms, history, tests and procedures

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2
Q

Prognosis

A

predicted outcome of a disease

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3
Q

acute

A

short and relatively severe course

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4
Q

chronic

A

exists over a long time

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5
Q

signs

A

objective or definitive evidence of an illness or disordered function that are perceived by an examiner (etc. fever, a rash, or evidence established by radiologic or laboratory testing)

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6
Q

Symptoms

A

subjective evidence as perceived by the patient, such as pain

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7
Q

specimen

A

a small sample or part taken from the body to represent the nature of the whole

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8
Q

Vital signs

A

measurements of pulse rate, respiration rate and body temperature

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9
Q

pulse

A

rhythmic expansion an artery that occurs as the heart beats, may be felt with a finger

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10
Q

pulse mechanism

A

results from the expansion and contraction of an artery a blood is forced from the heart

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11
Q

pulse rate

A

count of the heartbeats per minute

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12
Q

Normal Pulse rate

A

60-100 beats per minute

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13
Q

Respiration

A

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body, or to breathing

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14
Q

respiratory rate

A

number of breaths per minute (the rise and fall of the patient’s chest is observed while counting the number of breaths and noting the ease with which breathing is accomplished)

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15
Q

WNL

A

within normal limits

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16
Q

Body Temperature Routes

A

mouth, rectum, under the armpit, and the external opening of the ear

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17
Q

tympanic thermometer

A

has probe tip that is placed at the external opening of the ear canal

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18
Q

temporal artery scanner and forehead thermometer

A

Useful in taking temperatures of young children and babies

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19
Q

or/o

A

mouth

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20
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

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21
Q

therm/o

A

heat

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22
Q

Blood Pressure

A

Pressure exerted by the circulating volume of blood on the walls of the arteries and veins and on the chambers of the heart

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23
Q

Indirect Measurement of Blood Pressure

A

Made with stethoscope and blood pressure cuff

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24
Q

Systolic

A

First number in blood pressure reading and represents the maximum pressure on the artery

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25
Q

Diastolic

A

Second number in a blood pressure reading and represents the amount of pressure that still exists when the heart is relaxed (not contracting)

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26
Q

Healthy Adult Blood Pressure Reading

A

120/80 mm Hg

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27
Q

Four techniques important in a physical examine

A

Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation

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28
Q

Inspection in the PE

A

Examiner uses eyes and ears to observe and listen to the patient, this can reveal superficial abnormalities

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29
Q

Palpation in PE

A

examiner feels the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts with the hands, this can reveal deep abnormalities

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30
Q

Percussion in PE

A

Examiner taps the body with the fingertips or fist to evaluate the size, borders, and consistency of internal organs and to determine the amount of fluid in the body cavity

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31
Q

Auscultation in PE

A

Examiner listens for sounds within the body to evaluate the heart, blood vessels, lungs, intestines, or other organs, or to detect the fetal heart sound (Performed most frequently with a stethoscope)

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32
Q

stethoscope

A

instrument consisting of two earpieces connected by flexible tubing, the diaphragm is placed against the patient’s skin to hear sounds within the body

33
Q

Endoscope

A

illuminated instrument for the visualization of the interior of a body cavity or organ (usually through a natural opening, but can be inserted through an incision)

34
Q

Endoscopy

A

Visual inspection of the body by means of an endoscope

35
Q

catheter

A

a hollow flexible tube that can be inserted into a cavity of the body to withdraw or instill fluids, perform tests, or visualize a vessel or cavity

36
Q

Catheterizataion

A

Introduction of a catheter

37
Q

catheter

A

to introduce a catheter

38
Q

Cannula

A

hollow flexible tube that is inserted into vessels or cavities

39
Q

Radiology

A

Branch of Medicine concerned with X-rays, radioactive substances, and the diagnosis and treatment of disease by using any of the various sources of radiant energy

40
Q

Invasive Procedure

A

Requires entry of a body cavity or interruption of normal body function

41
Q

Diagnostic Radiology

A

Used to to establish or confirm a diagnosis

42
Q

Computed Radiography

A

image data are digitized and immediately displayed on a monitor or recorded on film

43
Q

ech/o, son/o

A

sound

44
Q

electr/o

A

electricity

45
Q

fluor/o

A

emitting or reflecting light

46
Q

radi/o

A

radiant energy, sometimes means radius

47
Q

tom/o

A

to cut

48
Q

ultra-

A

excessive

49
Q

radiograph

A

An X-ray image

50
Q

X-ray Findings

A

X-radiation passes through substances in the body to varying degrees. When penetration is greater, image is black or darker. When absorbed, image is white or light gray

51
Q

Radiopaque

A

substances that do not permit the passage of X-rays

52
Q

Radiolucent

A

substances that readily permit the passage of X-rays

53
Q

CT

A

Computed Tomography

54
Q

MRI

A

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

55
Q

Diagnostic Modalities

A

CT, MRI, Sonography/echography, contract imaging, nuclear imaging

56
Q

Nuclear Imaging

A

placing radioactive materials into body organs for the purpose of imaging

57
Q

X-ray Colors

A

Black= Air Very light or White= Bone
Dark Gray= Fat White= Metal
Light Gray= Muscle/Tissue

58
Q

Computer tomography

A

Uses ionizing radiation to produce a detailed image of a cross section of tissue

59
Q

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A

creates images of internal structures based on the magnetic properties of chemical elements within the body and uses a powerful magnetic field and radiowave pulses rather than ionizing radiation. Patient must remain motionless and this will generate an image of superior soft tissue resolution for distinguishing adjacent structures

60
Q

Ultrasonography/sonography

A

diagnostic ultrasound, it is the process of imaging deep structure of the body by sending and receiving high frequency sound waves that are reflected back as echoes from tissue interfaces. Conventional ones produce 2D images, more recent scanners have been able to produce 3D images

61
Q

Sonogram/Echogram

A

Record of Ultrasonography/Sonography

62
Q

Contrast Imaging

A

Use of radiopaque materials to make internal organs visible on X-rays

63
Q

Contrast Medium

A

swallowed, introduced through body cavity or injected into vessel, resulting in greater visibility of internal organs or cavities outlined by the contrast material

64
Q

Flouroscopy

A

Visual examination of internal organs that uses flouroscope. This technique offers continuous imaging of the motion of internal structures and immediate serial images

65
Q

Nuclear Scans

A

Radiopharmaceuticals are administered to patient orally, into the vein, or inhalation. Gamma cameras detect the radioactivity emitted by the patient and map its location to form an image of the organ or system

66
Q

PET

A

Positron Emission Tomography

67
Q

Positron Emission Tomography

A

Combines tomography and radioactive substances to produce enhanced images of selected body structures (especially heart, blood vessels, and the brain). Radioactive material used very short-lived, patient exposure to radiation a lot smaller

68
Q

radiotherapy

A

treatment of tumors using radiation to destroy cancer cells

69
Q

Radiation Thearpy

A

Radiation Oncology (synonymous)

70
Q

Side Effects of Radiation Therapy

A

nausea, emesis, alopecia, ulceration, dryness of mucous membranes, and suppression of bone marrow activity

71
Q

Therapeutic

A

pertaining to therapy

72
Q

algesi/o

A

sensitivity to pain

73
Q

chem/o

A

chemical

74
Q

pharmac/o, pharmaceut/i

A

drugs or medicine

75
Q

plast/o

A

repair

76
Q

therapeut/o

A

treatment

77
Q

tox/o

A

posion

78
Q

-therapy

A

treatment

79
Q

Remission

A

can be spontaneous or the result in therapy, is the disappearance of the characteristics of a malignant tissue

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