Medicine

Question 1

Answer 1

Arteriovenous Fistula

Prefered to tunnelled dialysis. Lower infection risk

Question 2

Answer 2

Tunnelled Dialysis (Hickmann line)

The tunnel is thought to add a barrier to infection

The most common complications: clotting, infection, and kinking

Question 3

Answer 3

Peritoneal Dialysis

Tenchkhoff Catheter

Question 4

Stigmata of Immunosuppression

Answer 4

1. Cushingoid Features
2. Skin Tumours
3. Gingival Hypertrophy (Ciclosporin)

Question 5

Answer 5

Nephrectomy Scar

If this is present with renal transplant it suggests PCKD

Question 6

Causes of Renal Transplant

Answer 6

1. Diabetes
2. Glomerulonephritis
3. Polycystic Kidney Disease
4. Hypertensive Nephropathy
5. Connective Tissue Disease (SLE, RA, SS)

Question 7

Answer 7

Rutherford Morrison Scar

RIF

Renal Transplant

Question 8

Answer 8

Gum Hypertrophy

Differential Diagnosis:

1. Drugs: Ciclosporin, Phenytoin
2. Familial
3. Acute Myloid Leukaemia
4. Scurvy
5. Pregnancy

Question 9

What are the Types of Renal Graft?

Answer 9

1. Cadaveric: Brianstem dead with CV support
2. Non-Beating Heart Donor: No active circulation
3. Live
   
   • Related
   • Unrelated

Prognosis:

Cadaveric: 30 years
HLA-identical live grafts: >40 years