Membrane Transport

Question 1

What is meant by “selectively permeable”?

Answer 1

Allowing some things to pass through, but preventing others from passing

Question 2

Transports relationship to ATP. Use all 3 transports

Answer 2

Passive - No ATP
Active - Uses ATP
Vesicular - Uses ATP

Question 3

____________ __________ use a membrane protein to transport substances across membrane

Answer 3

Carrier-mediated mechanisms

Question 4

Particles are driven through membrane by physical pressure

Answer 4

Filtration

Question 5

Filtration of water and small solutes through gaps in capillary walls is an example of:

Answer 5

Filtration

Question 6

The net movement of particles from a place of high concentration to a place of low concentration

Answer 6

Simple diffusion

Question 7

In simple diffusion substances diffuse ______ their _______ gradient

Answer 7

Down

Concentration

Question 8

What are the 5 factors pertaining to speed of simple diffusion?

Answer 8

Temp - High temp causes faster diffusion
Molecular weight - Larger particles move slower
Steepness of concentrated gradient - Higher difference, higher rate
Membrane surface area - More area, higher rate
Membrane permeability - High permeability, High rate

Question 9

What is Osmosis

Answer 9

Net flow of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 10

Where does water go during osmosis. List both reasons

Answer 10

Water moves from a high concentration of water to a low concentration of water

Water flows through the membrane to the are with a high concentration of solutes, and low concentration of water

Question 11

Osmotic imbalance symptoms

Answer 11

Diarrhea, constipation, edema

Question 12

What enhances osmosis?

Answer 12

aquaporins - channel proteins in membrane specialized for water passage

Question 13

Hydrostatic pressure required to stop osmosis

Answer 13

Osmotic pressure

Question 14

process of applying mechanical pressure to override osmotic pressure. Allows purification of water

Answer 14

Reverse osmosis

Question 15

Ability of a surrounding solution to affect fluid volume and pressure in a cell

Answer 15

Tonicity

Question 16

Causes cell to absorb water and swell

Answer 16

Hypotonic Solution

Question 17

Has a low concentration of nonpermeating solutes

Answer 17

Hypotonic Solution

Question 18

Causes cell to lose water and shrivel

Answer 18

Hypertonic solution

Question 19

Has high concentration of non permeating solutes

Answer 19

Hypertonic solution

Question 20

Causes no change in cell volume

Answer 20

Isotonic solution

Question 21

Normal saline at .9% NaCL

Answer 21

Isotonic solution

Question 22

Concentrations of nonpermeating solutes in ECF and ICF are the same

Answer 22

Isotonic solution

Question 23

Carries one type of solution

Answer 23

Uniport

Question 24

Carries two or more types of solutes simultaneously in same direction

Answer 24

Symport

Question 25

Carries two or more solutes in different directions

Answer 25

Antiport

Question 26

Three mechanisms of carrier mediated transport

Answer 26

Facilitated diffusion
Primary active diffusion
Secondary active diffusion

Question 27

The Sodium Potassium Pump moves

Answer 27

3Na out + 2K in

Question 28

Moves large particles, fluid droplets or numerous molecules at once through the membrane in vesicles

Answer 28

Vesicular transport

Question 29

Vesicular process that brings material into the cell

Answer 29

Endocytosis

Question 30

“cell eating” - engulfing large particles

Answer 30

Phagocytosis

Question 31

“Cell Drinking” - Takes droplets of ECF containing molecules useful to the cell

Answer 31

Pinocytosis

Question 32

Particles bind to specific receptors on plasma membrane

Answer 32

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 33

Discharging material from the cell

Answer 33

Exocytosis

Question 34

ATP

Answer 34

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 35

Selective endocytosis

Answer 35

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 36

Transport of material across the cell by capturing it on one side and releasing it on the other

Answer 36

Transcytosis

Question 37

Secreting material

Answer 37

Exocytosis