Memory Flashcards
The processes by which information is encoded, stored, organized, and later retrieved.
Memory
First stage of information processing.
Encoding
Focusing on a piece of information and ignoring other information in the background.
Selective Attention
The second stage of information processing. The maintenance of information over time
Storage
Mental repetition of information to store it in memory
Maintenance Rehearsal
The kind of coding in which new information is related to information that is already known to store it in memory
Elaborative Rehearsal
Self-awareness of the ways in which memory functions, allowing the person to encode, store, and retrieve information effectively.
Metamemory
The third stage of information processing. Locating stored information and returning it to consciousness.
Retrieval
Three basic memory tasks—tests of memory—are used by psychologists to measure it:
Recognition, Recall and Relearning
Using currently presented information to retrieve identical information from memory
–Multiple-choice tests
–Cues are available.
Recognition
Retrieving information from memory without cues, using paired associates
Recall
Nonsense syllables presented in pairs in tasks that measure recall
Paired Associates
The tendency to learn information faster the second time it is presented, even though it cannot be recalled or recognized
Relearning Method
The difference between the number of repetitions originally required to learn a list and the number required to relearn it (devised by Ebbinghaus)
Methods of Saving
The difference in the number of repititions determines the:
Saving Score
