memory

Question 1

long term memory- unconsolidated

Answer 1

hippocampus, unsolidified memories that can last for a couple of minutes to years if needed to be recalled

Question 2

long term memory- consolidated

Answer 2

neocortical association area (synaptic connection strengths), can last from months to a lifetime

Question 3

short term memory

Answer 3

few seconds to a minute
about 5-9 pieces of information
neocortical area (neuronal activation)

Question 4

explicit (declaritive) memory

Answer 4

semantic (general world knowledge), episodic, autobiographical

Question 5

implicit memory

Answer 5

mototr learning, classical conditioning

Question 6

stages of memory

Answer 6

attention- encoding- storage- retrieval

Question 7

proactive storage interference

Answer 7

presence of old material interferes with encoding and storing new material

Question 8

retroactive storage interference

Answer 8

learning new material messes with the encoding and storing of old material

Question 9

recognition recall

Answer 9

lots of cues, remembering something because you are in the presence of the associated memory

Question 10

recall

Answer 10

direct uncovering of information from memory, no physical cues

Question 11

anterograde amnesia

Answer 11

can only remember events that occur after injury (clive wearing)

Question 12

retrograde amnesia-

Answer 12

can only remember what occured before injury

Question 13

disorders with encoding

Answer 13

difficultly remembering/attention

korsakoff syndrome, TBI, mid-late alzheimers

Question 14

storage impairment

Answer 14

forgetfulness

Question 15

retrieval impairments

Answer 15

tip of tongue, impaired recall access, distortion

Question 16

aphasia

Answer 16

acquired brain disorder
not a problem with nerves,muscles, sensation or intellect
impairment of speaking, comprehension, reading and writing due to injury in primary language processing center of brain

Question 17

damage to the right hemisphere effects

Answer 17

higher level language function- pragmatics (social), verbal fluency, discourse (implied meanings, context, humor), reading and writing

Question 18

broca’s area

Answer 18

left hemisphere, language dominant
expressive language and speech
receptive language- comprehension of complex grammar

Question 19

broca’s aphasia

Answer 19

lesion location: posterior-inferior frontal gyrus and subcortical white matter
right hemiplegia/hemiparesis
non fluent, very choppy
aggrammtical- has content words but missing other key flowing words
comprehension better than expression

Question 20

wernicke’s area

Answer 20

left hemisphere
comprehension of spoken and written language
appropriate linguistic sequences, selection of correct semantic content

Question 21

wernicke’s aphasia

Answer 21

lesion location: posterior superior temporal lobe
no hemiplegia/hemiparesis
fluent/smooth but errorful and confusing speech
poor language comprehension (reading/listening)

Question 22

literal/phonemic paraphasia

Answer 22

phonemic errors- substitution, addition/deletion (ex. acon and beggs)

Question 23

verbal paraphasia

Answer 23

whole word errors- use of wrong word (ex. i was talking to my ipod)

Question 24

neologism paraphasia

Answer 24

phonotactically valid sequence that isnt a word

speech has fluent neologisms, few or no real words

Question 25

verbal stereotypies paraphasia

Answer 25

short utterances

Question 26

semantic jargon

Answer 26

speech consists of both verbal paraphasia and neologism resulting in empty speech