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E: Neuropsychopharmacology > Memory modulation: AMPA & NMDA receptors > Flashcards

Memory modulation: AMPA & NMDA receptors Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 3 types of ionotropic glutamate receptor channels?

A
  1. NMDA
  2. AMPA
  3. Kainate
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2
Q

Name the 7 individual NMDA receptors?

A

GluN1

GluN2A

GluN2b

GluN2C

GluN2D

GluN3A

GluN3B

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3
Q

Name the 4 AMPA receptors?

A

GluA1

GluA2

GluA3

GluA4

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4
Q

Name the 5 Kainate receptors?

A

GluK1

GluK2

GluK3

GluK4

GluK5

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5
Q

AMPA receptors?

A

Conduct sodium

Activated by AMPA, glutamate.

Blocked by CNQX.

Mediates fast excitatory synaptic transmission

Implications for learning and memory

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6
Q

NMDA receptor?

A

Conduct calcium

Blocked by magnesium.

Glucine or D-serin is a co-agonist

Blocked by APV.

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7
Q

Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor Channels- endogenous agonists

A

AMPAR: Glutamic acid, AMPA

KAR: Glutamic acid, Kainic acid

NMDAR: Glutamic acid, NMDA

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8
Q

What is required for the activation of NMDA receptors?

A

Requires the binding of glutamate and the binding of the co-agonist glycine (or D-serine)

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9
Q

Synergistic interplau of synpatic AMPA receptors & NMDA receptors?

A

Neurally released glutamte activates synaptic AMPA receptor, even though glutamate also binds to NMDA it doesnt initially conduct due to the blockage of magnesium.

The sodium influx causes by the AMPA causes a depolarisation. This depolarisation causes the magnesium to unblock the NMDA- now appears a slow synpatic depolarisation.

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10
Q

What happens when you block NMDA receptor in rodent models?

A

Block learning and memory.

Morris water maze to test spatial memory.

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11
Q

NMDA receptor role during learning.

A

The rodents are still learning however are not learning as fast as the groups without the blockage of these receptors.

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12
Q

DL-APS?

A

Potent antagonist of the NMDA receptor

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13
Q

NMDA role in memory?

A

Important for memory retrieval.

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14
Q

NMDAr bloackade by?

A

AP5

Affects spatial learning and memory

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15
Q

AP5 has no effects on?

A

Visual or motor impairments which could cause the cognitive deficits

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16
Q

D-L AP5?

A

Causes cognitive deficits

17
Q

DLAP5 > LAP5?

A

Caused changes in synaptic long term potentiaion.

LAP5 is active but less potent

18
Q

The catergorisation of long term memory?

A

AS4

19
Q

Episodic memory?

A

Memory for unique events experienced in our daily lives.

What, where, when, who,…

Spontaneously remembered information.

Thought to be processed by the hippocampal region

20
Q

Paired associate learning in humans?

A

Paris of items are studies.

Word pair first eg. aeroplane- ball

Later on, get shown a picture of ball and must recall aeroplane.

Early diagnostic test for AD.

21
Q

Paired associate learning in rats?

A

Food flavours and locations.

Foraging animals.

Give them a piece of food and open one arm with the food inside.

Do the same with other flavours.

Then give me a particular flavour and open all arms- should learn to go to the right arm.

22
Q

CNQX and ap5?

A

Block learning and new paired associate.

Inhibit transmission from hippocampus by CNQX- blocks AMPA.

23
Q

CNQX?

A

Blocks recall of learned paired associates.

to test this: learn the two pair associatio nand then inject them with CNQX.

24
Q

What glutamate channels does CNQX block?

A

NMPA and AMPA

25
Q

CNQXs blocks AMPArs therefore?

A

Blocks fast synpatic transmission

26
Q

AP5 blocks NMDARS therefore?

A

Blocks long term potentiation

27
Q

AMPA channel is used for?

A

Fast synaptic transmission

Activates NMDA

28
Q

NMDA is used for?

A

long term potentiation.

It is only activated by the depolarisation of the cell (due to activation of AMPA)

Both are needed

29
Q

What two glutamate channels are required for paired associate learning?

A

AMPA

NMDA

30
Q

What channel(s) are required for recall?

A

Only AMPA

E: Neuropsychopharmacology (9 decks)

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