METABOLIC PATHWAYS

Question 1

What name is given to the thousands of biochemical reactions that occur in living cells?

Answer 1

Metabolism

Question 2

The quantity of energy consumed by an organism per unit time is a measure of what rate?

Answer 2

Metabolic rate

Question 3

Name two types of metabolic pathways.

Answer 3

Anabolic pathways

Catabolic pathways

Question 4

Which type of metabolic pathway involves the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones?

Answer 4

Catabolic

Question 5

Which type of metabolic pathway involves the build up of complex molecules from simpler ones?

Answer 5

Anabolic

Question 6

Which type of methanol if pathway releases energy as it is breaking complex molecules down?

Answer 6

Catabolic

Question 7

Which type of metabolic pathway requires energy as it builds up small molecules into complex ones?

Answer 7

Anabolic

Question 8

In a metabolic pathway, what do the two opposing arrows mean?

Answer 8

The reaction is reversible

Question 9

Give three properties of a catalyst

Answer 9

• lowers the activation energy

- remains unchanged at the end

Question 10

What name is given to a biological catalyst?

Answer 10

Enzyme

Question 11

Metabolic reactions sometimes have places where steps can be bypassed, what are these pathways know as?

Answer 11

Alternative routes

Question 12

What state is reached when two reactants have bonds broken and they are in a position that is unstable and ready to form a product?

Answer 12

Translation state

Question 13

What substance are enzymes made of?

Answer 13

Protein

Question 14

What name is given to the area on an enzyme that meets with the substrate?

Answer 14

Active site

Question 15

What determines the shape of an active site?

Answer 15

The sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide that makes up the enzyme molecule.

Question 16

Give the word that is used to describe the fact that the active site has a strong attraction for the substrate.

Answer 16

High affinity

Question 17

Give the term that is used to describe the fact that one enzyme fits one substrate

Answer 17

Specific

Question 18

In order for the enzymes active site to fit the substrate more closely, the shape of the active site and enzyme change slightly. What is this called?

Answer 18

Induced fit

Question 19

What name is given to a substance that decreases the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction?

Answer 19

An inhibitor

Question 20

Name two types of inhibitor

Answer 20

A competitive inhibitor and a non-competitive inhibitor

Question 21

Which inhibitor bonds to the active site and competes with the substrate in the enzyme controlled reaction?

Answer 21

Competitive inhibitor

Question 22

Why is the competitive inhibitor able to join to the active site of an enzyme?

Answer 22

It has a similar shape to the substrate