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biol112 lecture > metabolism > Flashcards

metabolism Flashcards

exam 3

1
Q

what is the definition of metabolism?

A

the sum of all biochemical reactions in an organism

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2
Q

what is the cellular form of energy?

A

ATP

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3
Q

what are the two main types of reactions?

A

anabolism & catabolism

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4
Q

what is anabolism?

A

building molecules from smaller units (requires energy)

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5
Q

what is catabolism?

A

breaks down molecules to smaller subunits & releases energy

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6
Q

what are the two types of cellular respiration?

A

aerobic cellular respiration & anaerobic cellular respiration

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7
Q

what is aerobic cellular respiration?

A

requires O2 –> ATP (most ATP)

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8
Q

what is the aerobic cellular respiration equation?

A

glucose + O2 + H2O —> ATP + O2 + H2O

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9
Q

what are the three major steps of aerobic cellular respiration?

A
  1. glycolysis
  2. citric acid cycle (Kreb’s Cycle)
  3. electron transport chain
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10
Q

where does glycolysis happen?

A

cytosol

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11
Q

where does the citric acid cycle happen?

A

mitochondria

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12
Q

where does the electron transport chain happen?

A

mitochondria

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13
Q

how many net ATP is made in glycolysis?

A

2 ATP

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14
Q

how many net ATP is made in the citric acid cycle?

A

2 ATP

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15
Q

how may net ATP is made in the electron transport chain?

A

32-34 ATP

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16
Q

what are the two metabolic states?

A

absorptive state & post-absorptive state

17
Q

what is the definition of glycolysis?

A

converts glucose to pyruvic acid

18
Q

what is the definition of glycogenolysis?

A

hydrolyzes glycogen to glucose monomers

19
Q

what is the definition of gluconeogenesis?

A

forms glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors

20
Q

what is the definition of lipolysis?

A

breaks down lipids to fatty acids and glycerol

21
Q

what is the definition of lipogenesis?

A

forms lipids

22
Q

what is the product of amino acids?

A

proteins

23
Q

what is the product of carbohydrates?

A

glycogen

24
Q

what is the product of glycerol/fatty acids?

A

triglycerides

25
Q

what is the significance of glucose sparing?

A

helps prioritize glucose utilization for critical functions

biol112 lecture (13 decks)

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