Metal Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Alloy

A

A sustance composed of two or more metals or of a metal and a n non-metallic constituent.

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3
Q

Annealing

A

A process in which the metal is reheated and slowly cooled to obtain a more ductile metal, which will have improved its machinability and cold-forming characters.

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4
Q

Anodizing

A

An electrolytic process that forms a permanent, protective oxide coating on aluminum, with or without added color.

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5
Q

Brass

A

Alloy of copper and zinc.

Resist corrosion and easily worked.

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6
Q

Bronze

A

Alloy of copper and tin with small amounts of other metals.

Similar to Brass.

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7
Q

Cast Iron

A

Iron with high carbon content.

Carbon content: above 2%

Very hard but brittle.

Used in the early 19th century during the Cast Iron Age.

  • strong in compression
  • weak in tension
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8
Q

Cast Iron Age

A

A period in the United States from 1850 to the late 1880s where there was a widespread use of cast iron in New York, Chicago, Saint Louis and all over the country.

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9
Q

Casting

A

Pouring a liquid material or slurry into a mold whose form it will take as it solidifies.

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10
Q

Chicago Construction

A

Most of the early and innovated cast iron work occured in Chcago, the use of iron skeleton came to be called “Chicago Construction”

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11
Q

Corrosion Scale

A

Electropositive, Active, Anodic

Likely to corrode

Protective from corrosion

Electronegative, Passive, Cathodic

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12
Q

Electrolysis

A

A mild electric current is set up between two metals during galvanic action, gradually corroding one while the other remians intact.

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13
Q

Fabrication

A

The process of forming and shaping refined metal into the desired condition.

  • Casting
  • Rolling
  • Extruding
  • Drawing
  • Bending
  • Brake forming
  • Spinning
  • Embossing
  • Annealing
  • Quenching
  • Tempering
  • Case Hardening
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14
Q

Ferrous Metals

A

Metals that contain a substantial amount of iron.

All ferrous metails contain a majority of iron, some carbon and other elements in the form of impurities or components mixed with the iron to form an alloy.

The amount of carbon and other elements determines the strength, ductility.

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15
Q

Galvanic Action

A

The corrosion resulting when dissimilar metals come together in contact with each other in the presence of an electrolyte such as moisture.

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16
Q

Galvanizing

A

The application of a zinc coating to steel as a means of preventing deterioration from corrosion.

Process involves immersing the steel in a bath of molten zinc.

The most popular method for protecting iron and steel.

17
Q

Light-Gage Metal Framing

A

Steel members with thicknesses from 10 gage to 25 gage.

Commonly used in commercial constructions because they are noncombustible, lightweight, nonshrinking and easy to work with.

18
Q

Nonferrous Metals

A

Metals that do not contain iron.

19
Q

Smelting

A

The process of refining the ores to extract the pure metal.

20
Q

Stainless Steel

A

A steel alloy containing a minimum of 11% chromium. Nickel is often added to increase the corrosion resistance and improve cold workability.

  • strong
  • hard
  • corrosion resistant
21
Q

Steel

A

Composed primarily of iron with small amounts of carbon and other elements that are part of the alloy. One of the most widely used metails because of its many advantages:

  • high strength
  • ductility
  • uniformity of manufacture
  • variety of shapes and sizes
  • ease and speed of erection
22
Q

Types of Ferrous Metals

A
  • Wrought Iron
  • Cast Iron
  • Steel
  • Stainless Steel
  • Weathering Steel
23
Q

Types of Nonferrous Metals

A
  • Aluminum
  • Copper
  • Copper alloys: Bronze & Brass
  • Zinc
  • Lead
  • Gold
24
Q

Wrought Iron

A

Iron with very low carbon content and a substantial amount of slag.

Carbon content: Less than 0.30%

Due to low carbon content, wrought iron is soft, ductile and resistant to corrosion.

Uses: gates, grilles and fences

25
Q

Aluminum

A
  • Light weight
  • good thermal and electrical conductivity
  • great resistance to corrosion
  • highly reflective - useful as a barrier to radiant heat transmission
  • susceptible to galvanic action and some oxidation