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Chemistry > Metal extraction and uses > Flashcards

Metal extraction and uses Flashcards

1
Q

Aluminium property and uses

A

Uses: Aircraft bodies
Property: Low density and strong

Uses: Food containers
Property: Corrosion Resistant

Uses: Overhead electricity cables
Property: Low Density and Electrical conductor

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2
Q

Copper property and uses

A

Uses: Electrical wiring
Property: Electrical conductor

Uses: Cooking Utensils
Property: Thermal conductor and corrision resistant and malleable

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3
Q

Zinc property and uses

A

Uses: Making brass
Property: Strong and Ductile

Uses: Galvanising
Property: Reactive metal

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4
Q

Iron extraction
Ore:
Compound in ore:
Processed by:

A
  1. Haematite
  2. Iron(III)3 oxide
  3. Carbon reduction
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5
Q

Iron extraction
In what:
Why:
Name of process:

A
  1. Blast furnance
  2. Less reactive than carbon
  3. Carbon reduction
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6
Q

Why is hot air blown in sides of blast furnance

A

To increase the temperature in blast furnance

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7
Q

What are the raw materials of blast furnance

A

Haematite

Coke

Limestone

Hot air

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8
Q

What is contained in haemtatite

A

Mixture of iron(III) oxide and impurities, mainly sand (SiO₂)

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9
Q

What is/is in Coke

A

Pure form of coal, contains mainly carbon

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10
Q

What is in limestone

A

contains mainly calcium carbonate

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11
Q

What is placed in top of furnance

A

Haematite
Limestone
Coke

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12
Q

What are the waste gases that leave the furnance

A

Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen gas

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13
Q

What is the reducing agent that reduces iron(III)oxide to iron

and what happens to it

A
  1. Carbon monoxide
  2. Gets oxidised itself to carbon dioxide to leave as waste gas from furnance
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14
Q

What is the purpose of coke and type of reaction:

A
  1. To produce heat by exothermic reaction with oxygen

C + O₂ –> CO₂

*Combustion reaction

  1. reduce carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide which reduces iron ore

CO₂ + C –> 2CO

*Redox reaction

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15
Q

Purpose of limestone

A

Remove sand (SiO₂) impurities from iron ore

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16
Q

Limestone process:

and what are the type of reactions

A
  1. First thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide

CaCO₃ –> CaO + CO₂

*Thermal decomposition reaction

2.** Removing sand impuritiy **using calcium oxide forming slag aka calcium silicate

CaO + SiO₂ –> CaSiO₃

*Neutralisation reaction

17
Q

Process of extracting iron from iron ore

and what type of reaction is it

A

Carbon monoxide produced by coke reaction reduces iron ore to iron:

Fe₂O₃ + 3CO –> 2Fe + 3CO₂

*Redox reaction

18
Q

What is silicon (V) oxide(SiO2) and calcium oxide (aka why is it a neutralisation reaction)

A

silicon (V) oxide is an acidic oxide impurity

calcium oxide is a basic oxide

19
Q

What is slag (calcium silicate) used for

A

Making roads and cement

Electronic chips

20
Q

What does iron produced contain

what is it called

what is a property of it

what is made with it

A
  1. contains carbon impurities
  2. Cast iron
  3. Brittle because of the carbon impurities
  4. Steel
21
Q

Alloys and their composition

A

Steel: Iron and carbon

Stainless steel: Iron, Carbon, Chromium, Nickel

Brass: Copper and Zinc

Bronze: Copper and Tin

22
Q

Stainless steel property and use

A

Uses: Cutlery

Property: Corrostion resistant and hard

23
Q

What is a property of ALL alloys

A

Harder, Stronger, Less malleable

24
Q

When is the word corrosion and rusting used

A

Rusting is for corrosion of iron and steel

Corrosion used for any other metal

25
Q

What is rusting

A

Corrosion of iron and steel to form hydrated Iron(III) Oxide

Fe₂O₃.xH₂O

26
Q

Property of rust

A

It crumbles easily and makes iron/steel lose its strength

27
Q

Which substances which BOTH have to be present for rusting

A

Water/water in air
Oxygen/oxygen in air

28
Q

How does rusting happen faster and why

A

If salt water is used, because it contains ions which can transfer electrons, speeding up the reaction

29
Q

Rusting equations

A

4Fe + 2xH₂O + 3O₂ –> 2Fe₂O₃.xH₂O

30
Q

What is an alloy

A

A mixture of a metal with other elements

Chemistry (8 decks)

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