Metals Flashcards
Superalloys
the ability to operate at a high fraction of its melting point.
- nickel based
- iron based
- cobalt based
Alloy
a mixture of chemical elements of which at least one is a metal.
Crystal Lattice
the symmetrical three-dimensional structural arrangements of atoms, ions or molecules inside a crystalline solid as points
Ore
a natural rock or sediment that contains one or more valuable minerals concentrated above background levels, typically containing metals, that can be mined, treated and sold at a profit.
Smelting
the process of applying heat and a chemical reducing agent to an ore to extract a desired base metal product.
Heat Treatments
to alter the physical and mechanical properties of metal without changing its shape.
Increase strength
Increase hardness
Improve toughness
Improve machining
Improve formability
Increase ductility
Improve elasticity
Ferrous vs non- Ferrous
Ferrous - can rust, magnetic (steel, iron)
non Ferrous - can’t rust, non magnetic (copper)
Recycled Metals
they can be repeatedly recycled without degradation of their properties
Creep
the tendency of a metal to slowly move or deform permanently due to long-term exposure or stress
Dislocation
when the atoms inside the metals shift and won’t go back to normal
the cause of creep
Grain size - steel vs super alloy
steel - many
super alloy - 1 grain
Crystals
regular arrangements of particles (atoms, ions or molecules).
Oxidation
the interaction between oxygen and different substances when in contact
Oxidation Resistance
the ability of a material to resist the direct and indirect attack of oxygen (oxidation)
Tempering
by elevating the steel to a set point below its lower critical temperature. Once this temperature is reached, it is held there for a specified amount of time.
Tempering is used to alter:
Hardness, Ductility, Toughness, Strength and Structural stability
