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Science > Metals And Reactions Target Sheet > Flashcards

Metals And Reactions Target Sheet Flashcards

1
Q

Names and proportions of gases in the air

A 
Nitrogen=78%
Oxygen=21%
Other gases(CO2, Argon, Helium, hydrogen.
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2
Q

Name of the gas in the air that reacts with metals mostly

A

Metals react with air in a form called oxidizing. This is caused because the oxygen molecules are reacting with the surface of the metal.

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3
Q

Some metals are unreactive in air

A

Because they are so unreactive they don’t corrode easily. Copper, palladium, silver, platinum, and gold

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4
Q

Commonly quoted properties of materials

A

Density, mass, flexibility, conductivity, malleable, high melting point/low melting point, shiny/dull, color, smooth/rough, hardness…

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5
Q

Difference between physical property and chemical property

A

That a physical property is measured and quoted with a number without changing it, and a chemical property can only be observed by changing the chemical identity of the element

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6
Q

A property can be measured and is quoted with a unit

A

Physical properties can be measured, such as mass(kg), volume(l) … Can also be measured the melting point(degrees C)

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7
Q

Carry out an experiment to make and collect oxygen gas

A

To make oxygen in the laboratory, hydrogen peroxide is poured into a conical flask containing some manganese oxide. The gas produced is collected in an upside-down gas jar filled with water. As the oxygen collects in the top of the gas jar, it pushes the water out.

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8
Q

Know that the element oxygen is a molecule, made of two molecules

A

Yes, is called diatomic, pairs of molecules

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9
Q

Which conditions are better to produce rust

A

The process gets more fast by adding salt water=air particles near sea
Adding an acid

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10
Q

State that rust is iron oxide

A

Steel=iron+carbon
Rusting=iron+oxygen
Oxygen reacts with iron and makes it rusty

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11
Q

Word equations for the reaction of metals with oxygen

A

Metal+Oxygen=Metal Oxide

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12
Q

Metal+water

A

Metal hydroxide

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13
Q

Metal+acid=

A

Salt+hydrogen

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14
Q

Metal oxide+acid=

A

salt+water

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15
Q

Metal carbonate+acid=

A

Salt+carbon dioxide+water

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16
Q

Names and formulas of laboratory acids

A

Nitric acid=HNO3
Sulphuric acid=H2SO4
Hydrochloric acid=HCl

17
Q

Test for oxygen

A

glowing splint and place it in a sample of gas, if it re-relight/re-ignites the gas is oxygen

18
Q

How to test hydrogen safely

A

Put a lighted splint into a test tube and the lighted splint would make an squeaky pop

19
Q

Factors that affect the reaction of a metal with an acid

A

Depending if you put nitric, sulphuric and hydrochloric acid the salt of the reaction will be different=concentration
Temperature
Surface area of a solid reactant:when you brake a solid in pieces there is more surface area because the sides that have just been broken also react with the acid

20
Q

Names of some metal oxides

A 
Any metal oxide:
Magnesium oxide
Copper oxide 
Aluminum oxide 
Potassium oxide
21
Q

Prepare a copper sulphate from a metal oxide and acid

A

Copper oxide+sulphuric acid=copper sulfate+water

22
Q

How to place in order of reactivity

A 
Potassium 
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminum
Carbon
Zinc 
Iron 
Lead
Copper
Silver
Gold
23
Q

State what a displacement reaction is

A

Is when a more reactive element is replaced by another one

24
Q

What happens to the mass of the chemicals in a reaction?

A

When there is a gas reaction and the conical flask isn’t with a rubber bung the gas scapes with particles of the chemicals so there is less mass

25
Q

Know some examples of hydrocarbon fuels

A 
Oil
Coal
Fossil fuel 
Wax
Wood
26
Q

Which compounds are formed when hydrocarbons burn?

A

Carbon dioxide + water

27
Q

How extraction and discovery of metals link to the discovery of metals links to their reactivity?

A
  • Metals above carbon must be extracted using electrolysis
  • Metals below carbon must be extracted using carbon coke on charcoal
  • Gold and silver, often don’t need to be extracted, the occur native
28
Q

Stats that rust has poorer physical properties than iron

A

Because it gets weaker, loses its properties=metal fatigue

29
Q

Describe and explain some uses of lasers and optical fibers

A

Optical fibers: endoscope

Lasers:surgery-concentrates light energy in a point

30
Q

Explain why mass seems to be lost and some gained in some reactions

A

Mass seems to be lost when reacts with a gas in a conical flask which doesn’t has a rubber bung at the top, so the gas scapes with molecules of the chemical
Mass seems to be gained when it reacts with oxygen in a conical flask without rubber bung, so Oxygen enters the conical flask

Science (5 decks)

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