methods 1

Question 1

what is a theory?

Answer 1

general predictions in a situation

Question 2

what is a hypothesis?

Answer 2

a precise and testable statement about the assumed relationship between variables

Question 3

what is an aim?

Answer 3

a statement of what the researcher(s) intend to find out in a research study

Question 4

what is a directional hypothesis?

Answer 4

a hypothesis that states the direction of the predicted difference between two conditions or two groups of participants

Question 5

what is a non-directional hypothesis?

Answer 5

a hypothesis that predicts simply that there is a difference between two conditions or two groups of participants, without stating the direction of the difference

Question 6

what is an independent variable (IV)?

Answer 6

the variable manipulated by the experimenter

Question 7

what is a dependent variable (DV)?

Answer 7

the variable measured by the experimented

Question 8

what is an extraneous variable?

Answer 8

a variable that might interfere with the effect of the IV on the DV and should be controlled or minimized

Question 9

what is confounding variable?

Answer 9

a variable that varies systematically with the IV and affects the DV

Question 10

what is operationalization?

Answer 10

clearly defining variables in terms of how they can be measured