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A Level-DT > Methods of Design > Flashcards

Methods of Design Flashcards

1
Q

What is CAD

A

CAD-computer aided design-is when a computer programme assists the designer to create the concept, for example: fusion 360 or tech soft design

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2
Q

What is CAM

A

CAM-computer aided manufacture- is when a computer programme controlling a machine assists in or completely carry’s out a procedure such as laser cutting, milling, routing

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3
Q

What is computational fluid dynamics (CFD)

A

CFD is a tool available in some CAD programmes that allows the designer to simulate how a fluid would move around a product-common use for aerodynamics

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4
Q

What is finite element analysis (FEA)

A

FEA is a tool available in some CAD programs that allows designers to test how a material will cope with stresses and strains in order to see the weak point and improve the design without having to commit material

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5
Q

What is rapid prototyping

A

Rapid prototyping is when a CAD model is send to a machine which will create a 3D model quickly instead of it having to be made by hand for example 3D printing, SLS and stereo lithography

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6
Q

What is 3D printing

A

3D printing is when the machine ‘slices’ the CAD design into layers and squirts out thermoplastic filament in the path of the one layer and then the next layer on top-they usually use a second material for scaffolding which holds up the main body while it hardens

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7
Q

What is selective laser sintering (SLS)

A

SLS is when a high powered laser ‘sinters’ powder particles of the material in the specific shape of the design layer by layer (similar to 3D printing)-can be used for polymers or metals

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8
Q

What does EPOS stand for and give an example

A

Electronic point of sale- Waitrose checkout!

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9
Q

What are some of the drawing methods designers use

A

Orthographic projection
Sectional drawing
Isometric drawing
Crating
Perspective drawing

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10
Q

What is orthographic projection

A

When a 3D object is represented with multiple 2D views such as front, side and plan view

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11
Q

What is a sectional drawing

A

A drawing where a section is zoomed in of ‘cut’ to reveal a part of the product which was previously not visible

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12
Q

What is isometric drawing

A

Isometric drawing is a technique where angled lines are used as guides to help draw a 3D image

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13
Q

What is crating

A

Crating is a technique used in isometric or regular 3D drawing in which you draw a box in an area where you wish to draw an irregular shape and then draw the shape inside

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14
Q

What are perspective drawings

A

3D drawings that use one or two ‘vanishing point’ which are points that the image tends towards-sort of like a horizon

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15
Q

What is iterative design

A

Iterative design is when the designer draws out their ideas, researches, develops their idea accordingly and then repeats multiple times to reach a solution

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16
Q

What is user centered design

A

UCD is when a designer prioritises listening to the users needs and the user feedback through the designing process

17
Q

What are some methods of investigating

A

Interviews
Surveys
Focus groups
Market research
Product analysis
Material testing
Ergonomic testing

18
Q

What is a focus group

A

Market research activity which utilises the views of a specific demographic-usually the potential users

19
Q

What is a tolerance

A

A tolerance is the acceptable range in which a measurement can fall and still be allowed

20
Q

What are some reasons accuracy is important in design

A

Keeps the product working-e.g. gears in a watch
Keeps the user safe-e.g. f1 car drivers
Keeps in line with legislation-correct volume in a drink

21
Q

What is a datum

A

A surface or edge used as a reference from which other measurements are made

22
Q

What is scrum

A

Scrum is a design style where the workforce is in a team to reach goals in short timescale ‘sprints’, quick feedback and distribution of tasks is based of off feedback

23
Q

What is six sigma and what are the five stages of it

A

Six sigma is a design system which includes five stages to achieve minimum defects (3.4 in every million) :
Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve, Control

24
Q

What is critical path analysis

A

A project management method in which all individual stages are analysed in relation to how long they take and if they can be performed simultaneously
then they are ordered to maximise time efficiency

25
Q

What is a go/no go gauge

A

An instrument used for checking dimensions in a product which will give a pass/fail reading via having an opening which is the maximum tolerance and underneath an opening which is the minimum tolerance, so if a product fits in but doesn’t go all the way through then it passes.

26
Q

What is co ordinate measuring machinery

A

Machinery that allows a manufacturer to check a range of predefined measurements on finished components and then automatically compare against a 3D CAD model

A Level-DT (12 decks)

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