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Microtest 3 > Microtest 3 > Flashcards

Microtest 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Protein A

A

S. aureus molecule that interferes with humoral immune responses by binding to class G antibodies

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2
Q

Botulism toxin

A

Binds to motor neurons and inhibits release of neurotransmittor acetylcholine into neuromuscular junction

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3
Q

Hyaluronidase

A

Enzyme that degrades glue holding together neighboring epithelial cells

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4
Q

Cord Factor

A

M. tuberculosis molecule necessary to cause disease; generates parallel alignments of bacteria

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5
Q

Tetanus toxin

A

Results in muscle spasms and contractions that can result in death because patients can’t exhale

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6
Q

Enterotoxin

A

Exotoxin that targets the cells of the digestive tract.

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7
Q

Diptheria toxin

A

Protein inhibiting toxin that causes formation of pseudoemembrane

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8
Q

Protein M

A

S. pyrogens molecule tha tinterferes with opsonization and lysis of the bacteria

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9
Q

Capsule

A

Type of glycocalyx that tends to interfere with host’s ability to phagocytose bacteria

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10
Q

Pneumolysin

A

S. pneumoniae molecule that lyses epithelial cells and suppresses the digestion of the endocytized bacteria

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11
Q

Endotoxin

A

Lipid A molecule from gram negative cell walls

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12
Q

Tracheal cytotoxin

A

B. pertussis toxin that inhibits cilia movement when present at low concentrations

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13
Q

Shiga toxin

A

Enterotoxin generated by Shigella

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14
Q

Adenylate cyclase toxin

A

B. pertussis toxin that increases mucous and inhibits leukocyte function

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15
Q

Exfoliative toxin

A

S. aureus toxin that causes the patient’s skin cells to separate from each other and slough off the body

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16
Q

Beta Lactamase

A

Enzyme that degrades penicillin

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17
Q

Fimbriae

A

Extracellular rodlike sticky projections that aid in bacterial attachment to host cell or to another bacterium

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18
Q

Neurotoxin

A

Exotoxin that targets cells within the nervous system

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19
Q

Coagulase

A

Enzyme that initiates clotting

20
Q

Kinase

A

Enzyme that breaks down blood clots

21
Q

Pertussin toxin

A

B. pertussis toxin that interferes with epithelial cell metabolism (increased mucous)

22
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A

Toxic Shock Syndrome

23
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Rheumatic Fever

24
Q

Salmonella

A

Typhoid fever

25
Q

Bordetella pertussis

A

Whooping cough

26
Q

Clostridum perfringes

A

Gas Gangrene

27
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Consumption

28
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Pneumococcal pneumonia

29
Q

Streptococci viridans group

A

Dental caries

30
Q

E. Coli 0157:H7

A

Hemorrhagic colitis & Hemolytic uremic syndrome

31
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Pseudomembranous colitis

32
Q

Shigella

A

Shigellosis

33
Q

Diptheria

A

Pseudomembrane

34
Q

Cutaneous Anthrax

A

Eschar

35
Q

Gas Gangrene

A

Gas filled, blackened lesions

36
Q

Botulism

A

Flaccid paralysis

37
Q

Tetanus

A

Uncontrolled muscular contraction

38
Q

Tuberculosis

A

Tubercle

39
Q

Pseudomonas infection

A

Green color infection in burn victim

40
Q

Pertussis

A

Repeated coughs and whoops.

41
Q

4 factors to consider when selecting an antimicrobial agent to treat a patient.

A
  1. Readily available
  2. Inexpensive
  3. Chemically stable
  4. Easily administered
42
Q

List and describe 5 stages in order of infectious disease

A

A. Incubation period- No signs or symptoms
B. Prodromal period- Vague, general symptoms
C. Illness- Most severe signs & symptoms
D. Decline-Declining signs & symptoms
E. Covalescence- No signs or symptoms

43
Q

What are the three groups of transmission of disease?

A

Contact transmission
Vehicle transmission
Vector transmission

44
Q

Contact transmission

A
  • Direct contact: kissing, handshaking, sexual intercourse
  • Indirect contact: drinking glasses, toothbrushes, toys
  • Droplet transmission: Droplets from sneezing within 1 meter
45
Q

Vehicle transmission

A
  • Airborne: dust particles
  • Waterborne: streams or swimming pools
  • Foodborne: poultry, seafood, meat
46
Q

Vector transmission

A
  • Mechanical: on insect bodies, flies or roaches. Could be walking across your food and they have disease on them
  • Biological: lice, mice, mosquitoes, or ticks
47
Q

Three types of Nosocomial Infections

A
  1. Presence of microorganisms in hospital environment
  2. Immunocompromised patients
  3. Transmission of pathogens between staff and patients and among patients.

Microtest 3 (1 decks)

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