Midterm #2 Flashcards
What is the second law of thermal dynamics
In any spontaneous process the total entropy of the universe increases
System + Surroundings
What is the third law of thermal dynamics
The state of perfect order. A perfect crystal at 0K is equal to a entropy of 0
What is happening at phase change?
The kinetic energy is staying the same, however entropy has increase as gas>liquid>solid. The jump from liquid to gas is larger because it is highly disordered
What do catalysts do?
They create a alternate path way for the reaction, and lower the activation energy. They can go through the reaction although they do not undergo any permanent changes
What is entropy
The driving force that moves a condition to max randomness, chaos, or disorder: a spontaneous event
What is reaction rate
The speed of a reaction defined as
Change in concentration
Over
Unit of time
What 4 factors affect reaction rate
- Temperature
- Concentration
- Physical state
- Catalysts
What is a static equilibrium
When 2 forces with opposite magnitude are pulling equally
What is a dynamic equilibrium
When 2 opposing processes occur simultaneously at equal rates
