MIDTERM

Question 1

Emic Vs Etic

Answer 1

Emic is looking at a culture from a insider point of view

Etic is looking at a culture from a outsiders point of view

Question 2

Holism

Answer 2

Study of culture in its entirity and how it relates or compares to others

Question 3

Concenses

Answer 3

Type of decision making; how the kung! make decsions

Question 4

Kwakiutl

Answer 4

Native American group

Use potlatch

Question 5

Potlatch

Answer 5

ceremony held in which host give gifts to the guests; is a sense of competition, balanced reciprosity and Redistributuion

Question 6

Mosuo

Answer 6

Chinease Culture

Matrilineal (everything is inherited through the mother’s lineage; have walking marriages (tents and raise by blood line

Question 7

Informed means for social control

Answer 7

how a group forces their ways on a individual; pressure, rumors, gossip, persuasion, avoidance and oshaasim (extreme avoidance)

Question 8

Trial Marriages

Answer 8

mutual divorce

Question 9

Kula

Answer 9

a system of rank that was discovered by Malinoski

Question 10

Participant Observatrion

Answer 10

research method that intails living among the people we study, learning their language and participating in daily life; creased by Malinoski

Question 11

Four Types of Anthropolgy

Answer 11

1. CUltural
2. Liguistic
3. Biological
4. Archiological

Question 12

Cultural Relativism

Answer 12

understand a culture in the context of their own culture, not compairing theirs to ours

Question 13

Ethnocentrism

Answer 13

tendency to compare a culture to our own; with the assumption that my culture is better

Question 14

Armchair anthropologist

Answer 14

do not complete field reserach but rather study other research

Question 15

Off the Verandah

Answer 15

movie showing the study of Bronislaw Malinowski of the Trobriand Islanders; Kirwinian is language spoken; Have a kula system of ranking people; sagali system of burrying corposes exchange

Question 16

Marriage Styles

Answer 16

Monogomy-one wife
Polygyny-2 more wives
Polyandry-2 or more husbands

Question 17

Kinship

Answer 17

How do you classify being related
ex Blood, resemblence, marriage, proximity
Fictive Kin (God Parents or adoption)

Question 18

Kinship Descent

Answer 18

Unilineal Descent-culture highlights mother or fathers descent line but not both
Bilateral Descent-2 sides to the kinship
Patrilineal Decent- dads line
Matrilineal Desent- Moms line

Question 19

Post martial Residence

Answer 19

Neolocal- couple sets up own home
Parolocal -couple lives at or near guys family
Marologcal-couple lives at or by mothers family

Question 20

Sex vs Gender

Answer 20

Sex is biological
Gender is given to you by culture; givena spectrum of things and could potentially be more then just 2 cataegories ex: roles,status norms expectations
LOOK AT STUDY DONE BY Ernestine Fredl
-how gender is seen in hunting and gathering
-Looked at womens economic contributions to their communities
-Gender roles can be seen through hunting and gathering
Studied 3 groups-Washo, Hadza and Tiwi, Inuit

Question 21

Acephalous Society

Answer 21

Created by Henry Turner Maine
No central authority-ex !kung!
Kung use concensous to make group decisions

Question 22

state level socities

Answer 22

have laws, hierarchy
Ascribed Characteristics qualities we are born with (gender, Kinship)
Achieved Characteristics-occupation, skills, education

Question 23

Ferdinan Tonnies

Answer 23

German Sociologists that came up with Geminschaft vs. Geselschaft
Geminschaft decisons are made with community in mind , society as a whole
Geselschaft descision are made based on the individual

Question 24

Max Weber

Answer 24

came up with idea or orientation
Traditional Orientation-do things the same, have similar interests year after year (not much change)
Rational Orientaiton-differences occur due to generational changes (laws, social norms) Ex gay marriage

Question 25

Emehil durkheim

Answer 25

idea of solidarity (unity)
Mechanical Solidarity-have unity with those who are similar to you and have similar interests
Orangic Solidarity-similar to those you are mutually dependaent on (those you need food from or clothes from)

Question 26

Head man vs Big Man Vs. Chief

Answer 26

Head Man-leads by example and have great auditory skills
Big Man-Lead by example, have great auditory skills and can get paid in tributes; pay tribute back to people (redistribution)
Chiefs-people with herditory powers

Question 27

Reciprocity 3 Types

Answer 27

Generalized-do not keep track of how balanced the gifts are; Kung do this with food
Balanced-equal gifts are given
Negative-both sides are getting the most they can out of each other