Midterm

Question 1

What is Teleological?

Answer 1

a moral theory saying that what makes an action right is its consequences ( good effects make the deed good)

Question 2

What is the difference between hypothetical Imperative and Categorical imperative?

Answer 2

Categorical: is the act for the sake of duty only (Just do X)
Hypothetical: is acting in order to receive some kind of reward (Do X if you want Y)

Question 3

Explain first part of Categorical Imperative.

Answer 3

we should only act on a maxim that can also be made a law. which means its maxim can be universalized and you would be willing to let it happen (right actions pass the test of the categorical imperative)

Question 4

Explain Perfect and Imperfect Duties

Answer 4

Perfect: is a duty that has no exceptions and absolutely must be followed (not to lie)
Imperfect: is a duty that has exceptions and are not always followed (develop your talents)

Question 5

Explain second part of Categorical Imperative.

Answer 5

Treat humanity always as an end in itself and never as a mere means

Question 6

How does utilitarianism incorporate the principle of impartciality?

Answer 6

The principle of impartcaility is incorporated in utilitarianism because discrimination is forbidden and equality rules

Question 7

Identify the primary human motivations of the Social Contract Theory.

Answer 7

Peace, Prosperity and safety

Question 8

What are the 4 conditions of the Natural Law Theory that must be met?

Answer 8

1. The action itself must be at least morally permissible
2. The bad effect is not used to produce the good effect
3. The intention must always be to bring about the good effect.
4. The good effect must be at least more important then the bad effect

Question 9

What is the difference between Act-Utilitarianism and Rule-Utilitarianism?

Answer 9

Act: an action the directly produces the greatest overall good
Rule: an action is one covered by rule that if generally followed would produce most favorable balance

Question 10

What would human life be like with out Sovereign Power?

Answer 10

would be a dog eat dog world which would be nearly unlivable and people would compete at their own self interest for as must wealth, power and property they can get

Question 11

Utilitarianism

Answer 11

A theory asserting that the morally right action is the one that produces the most favorable balance of good over evil when everyone is considered