Flashcards in MidTerm - Lab part Deck (43):
1
Trochlear groove
Pulley-shaped structure containing the patella
2
Stifle joint
The joint between the femur and the tibia. In humans it is called the knee joint.
3
Humerus
The long bone of the brachium or upper arm.
4
Frog
The triangular frog is a part of a horse's hoof, located on the underside, which should touch the ground if the horse is standing on soft footing.
5
Cannon Bone
Large metacarpal or metatarsal bone of hoofed animals (metacarpal/tarsal III). The splint bones are behind/fused to the cannon bone and are called metacarpal/tarsals II and IV.
6
Foramen Magnum
The large hole in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord exits the skull.
7
Tibia
The main weight-bearing bone of the lower hind leg. It forms the stifle joint with the femur proximal to it and the hock with the tarsus distal to it.
8
Spine of scapula
The spine runs along the lateral surface
9
Ulna
One of the two bones (the radius is the other) that form the antebrachium (forearm). The ulna forms a major portion of the elbow joint with the distal end of the humerus.
10
Obturator foramen
One of a pair of large holes in the pelvis located on either side of the pelvic symphysis. The role of the obturator foramen seems to be to lighten the pelvis, since no large nerves or vessels pass through them.
11
Calcaneal tuberosity
Large process of the fibular tarsal bone that projects upwards and backwards. Commonly referred to as the point of the hock. Site of attachment of the grastrocnemius (calf) muscle. Equivalent to the human heel.
12
Canine teeth
104, 204, 304, 404 (from right upper, to left upper, to left lower, to right lower)
Just lateral to the incisor teeth
13
Turbinate bones
Skull bones that are part of the internal bones of the face.
Also known as the nasal conchae. The turbinates are four thin, scroll-like bones that fill most of the space in the nasal cavity. In the living animal the turbinates are covered with moist, vascular lining in the nasal passages. Their scroll-like shape humidify the inhaled air and trap tiny particles of inhaled foreign material.
14
Atlas
The first cervical vertebra. It forms the atlanto-occipital joint with the occipital bone of the skull and the atlanto-axial joint with the axis, the second cervical vertebra.
15
Rib
Long bones of the axial skeleton that form the lateral walls of the thorax. Their dorsal portions are made of bone and form synovial joints with the thoracic vertebrae. Their ventral portions are made of cartilage - the costal cartilages.
16
Sacrum
The solid structure formed by the fusion of the sacral vertebrae.
17
Radius
One of the two bones (the ulna is the other) that form the antebrachium (forearm). The radius is usually the main weight-bearing bone.
18
Olecranon fossa
Indentation above condyle of humerus (the olecranon process of the ulna fits into this)
19
Glenoid cavity
The concave articular surface of the scapula. The socket portion of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint.
20
Patella
The "kneecap". Largest sesamoid bone in body. Patella is located on the front surface of the stifle joint in the tendon of the large quadriceps femoris muscle. It rides in the trochlea of the femur.
21
Hip joint
It's a ball-and-socket joint formed by the acetabulum (formed at the junction of the ilium, ischium, and pubis bones of the pelvis) and the proximal end of the femur.
22
Pubic symphysis
3 fused bones (Ilium, Ischium, Pubis)
Cartilaginous joint between the two halves of the pelvis
23
Mandibular symphysis
In dogs, cats, and cattle the two halves of the mandible are separate bones joined by a cartilaginous mandibular symphysis at the rostral end.
24
Coccygeal vertebrae
Tailbone
25
Zygomatic arch
Bony arches below and behind the eyes of common domestic animals. in dogs and cats they form the widest part of the skull. The zygomatic arches are made up of the rostral facing zygomatic process of the temporal bone joined with the caudal facing temporal process of the zygomatic bone.
26
Fibula
A thin bone located beside the tibia in the lower leg region of the pelvic limb. It is a complete bone in the dog and cat, but only the proximal and distal ends are present in horses and cattle. The fibula does not support any appreciable weight. It mainly acts as a muscle attachment site.
27
Cannon bone & Splint bones
Metacarpal/tarsal III (Cannon)
Metacarpals/tarsals II & IV (Splint bones)
28
Proximal Sesamoid bones
Two bones behind the fetlock joint
29
Long pastern bone
Proximal phalanx
30
Short pastern bone
Middle phalanx
31
Coffin bone
Distal phalanx
32
Distal Sesamoid bone
Navicular bone
33
Fetlock joint
Joint between cannon bone and the proximal phalanx (long pastern bone) of hoofed animals.
34
Pastern joint
Joint between the proximal (long pastern bone) and middle phalanx (short pastern bone) of hoofed animals.
35
Coffin joint
Joint between the middle phalanx (short pastern bone) and the distal phalanx (coffin bone) of hoofed animals.
36
Pubis
The smallest and most medial area of the pelvis. The pubis forms the cranial portion of the floor of the pelvis.
37
Diaphragm
The thin, dome-shaped muscular structure that forms the boundary between the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
38
Brachiocephalicus
Muscle runs from arm to head. Pulls limb forward, extends shoulder, depresses and pulls head and neck laterally.
39
Sternocephalicus
Muscle attaches sternum to head. Depresses head and neck and/or draws the head and neck to the side.
40
Rectus abdominis
Lies on either side of the ventral midline. Most superficial of the four.
Works with other abdominal muscles to flex the vertebral column and to assist in various body functions that require abdominal press (e.g. urination, defecation, parturition, and vomiting).
41
Transversus abdominis
Medial to the internal abdominal oblique and rectus abdominis muscles and arises from the last four to five ribs and the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae.
42
Intercostal muscles
Muscles that run in between the ribs
43