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CHEM 153 LAB > MIDTERM: LIPIDS > Flashcards

MIDTERM: LIPIDS Flashcards

1
Q

insolubility in water and solubility in fat solvents such as chloroform, ether, hot alcohol, and benzene ; biomolecules that carry out multiple functions

A

lipids

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2
Q

functions of lipids

A

energy storage
heat insulation
vitamins
steroid hormones and prostaglandins
form membranes
partitions that divide compartments from one another

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3
Q

lipids are not polymers. instead,

A

they are small molecules that have a tendency to associate through noncovalent forces

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4
Q

structure of lipids

A

polar hydrophilic head
nonpolar hydrophobic hydrocarbon tail

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5
Q

what are the types of lipids

A

fatty acids
triglycerides
phospholipids
steroids
lipid (fat) soluble vitamins

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6
Q

long chain carboxylic acids ; unbranched and even numbered Carbon atoms ; can be unsaturated or saturated

A

fatty acids

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7
Q

triester of three fatty acids with glycerol ; can be saturated fats (solid) or unsaturated oils (liquid)

A

triglycerides

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8
Q

two hydrophobic fatty acids tails and a hydrophilic phosphate ; first FA is saturated ; second FA is unsaturated

A

phospholipids

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9
Q

characterized by four rings in its backbone structure ; acts as plasma membrane component, signaling molecules (hormones), and emulsifiers (bile salts)

A

steroids

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10
Q

the precursor for all other steroids in the body

A

cholesterol

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11
Q

type of lipid that can accumulate in the body to toxic levels

A

lipid (fat soluble) vitamins

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12
Q

other name of vitamin A

A

retinol

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13
Q

other name of vitamin E

A

a-tocopherol

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14
Q

other name of vitamin D2

A

calciferol

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15
Q

the precursor to vitamin A

A

B-carotene

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16
Q

the precursor to vitamin D2

A

ergosterol

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17
Q

a vitamin that is an antioxidant

A

vitamin E

18
Q

a vitamin that has a blood clotting factor

A

vitamin K1

19
Q

test for the presence of glycerin or fats

A

acrolein test

20
Q

what is the positive indication of acrolein test

A

colorless to yellow liquid, irritating burnt grease or candle wax odor

21
Q

this test is used to determine which among the identified lipids are unsaturated (double bonds) and saturated (single bonds)

A

test for unsaturation

22
Q

what is the component of hubl’s solution

A

I2
HgCl2

23
Q

what is the positive indication of test for unsaturation

A

red-orange solution

24
Q

test used to detect the presence of free phosphate in acidic solution

A

test for phosphate

25
Q

what is the positive indication of test for phosphate

A

yellow precipitate

26
Q

what is the yellow precipitate called in test for phosphate

A

ammonium phosphate molybdate

27
Q

used to distinguish polar and nonpolar groups ; if molecules look separated, then little to no emulsification has occurred indicating a negative result

A

emulsification test

28
Q

suspension of liquid within another liquid

A

emulsion

29
Q

hdyrophobic tails will interact with each other
hydrophilic heads will interact with water and other ions

A

micelles

30
Q

what is the positive indication of emulsification test

A

small or fine bubbles (milky white emulsion ?)

31
Q

chemical agents that maintain emulsions

A

emulsifiers

32
Q

also known as acetic anhydride reaction ; test for determining cholesterol

A

liebermann-burchard reaction

33
Q

what is the positive indication of liebermann-burchard reaction

A

deep blue green colored product

34
Q

test used to detect the presence of vitamin A ; reaction that can detect vitamin A and related carotenoids

A

carr-price reaction

35
Q

a chloroform solution of antimony trichloride

A

carr-price reagent

36
Q

what is the positive indication of carr-price reaction

A

brilliant blue colored product

37
Q

what are the other play of colors in carr-price reaction

A

blue
green
gray
pink

38
Q

a test for the presence of alpha-tocopherol or one form of vitamin E ; test used to determine tocopherols such as vitamin a- tocopherol in foodstuffs

A

modified furter-meyer test

39
Q

what is the positive indication of modified furter-meyer test

A

bronze red or red colored product

40
Q

fat soluble oils ; stable to heat and acids ; sensitive to ultraviolet light

A

tocopherols

41
Q

in emulsification test, what is not an effective emulsifier creating large bubbles suspended in water

A

tiny crystals of cholesterol

CHEM 153 LAB (7 decks)

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