Midterm Review HISTORY, PERSPECTIVES, BIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR

Question 1

What was Wundt’s first experiment testing?

Answer 1

Reaction time

Question 2

Functionlism vs. Structuralism

Answer 2

Structuralism focuses on the structure of the mind (perception, sensation) whereas functionalism focus on the function of the mind (“why and how” the mind functions)

Question 3

Ethics in research

Answer 3

Honesty, integrity, openness, confidentiality, respect intellectual property, responsible monitoring, respect colleagues

Question 4

Correlations

Answer 4

The measure of degree of relation between two variables.
(Positive, negative, none.)

Question 5

What makes a study scientific?

Answer 5

Employing the scientific method to support or contradict a scientific theory.

Question 6

Statistical significance

Answer 6

a measure of the probability of the null hypothesis being true compared to the acceptable level of uncertainty regarding the true answer.

Question 7

Sympathetic vs. Parasympathetic

Answer 7

Sympathetic is the nervous system responsible for your “fight or flight” responses in times of emergencies. It controls the body’s responses to stress, injuries, or perceived threats.

Parasympathetic is the nervous system responsible for your “rest and digest” responses in times of non-emergencies. It controls the body’s responses at rest and helps your body regulate its normal daily organ functions.

Question 8

Medulla vs. Pons

Answer 8

The pons is situated on the upper side of the brain stem while Medulla is situated on the lower side of the brain stem.

Question 9

Amygdala

Answer 9

Region of the brain primarily associated with emotional processes. The amygdala is located in the medial temporal lobe, just in front of the hippocampus. It’s also almond-shaped.

Question 10

Split Brain Research

Answer 10

Roger Sperry conducted a number of bizarre, but groundbreaking experiments on patients who had their corpus callosums — brain structures responsible for connecting the two hemispheres of the brain — severed. The experiments would later be known as “the split brain experiments.”

Question 11

A correlation coefficient

Answer 11

a number from -1 to +1 that indicates the strength and direction of the relationship between variables. The correlation coefficient is usually represented by the letter r.

Question 12

Correlation uses

Answer 12

Prediction, validity, reliability, theory verification

Question 13

Positive and Negative Correlation

Answer 13

A correlation of –1 indicates a perfect negative correlation, meaning that as one variable goes up, the other goes down. A correlation of +1 indicates a perfect positive correlation, meaning that as one variable goes up, the other goes up.

Question 14

Memory clue for Sympathetic vs. Parasympathetic

Answer 14

Sympathetic nervous system kicks in during times of stress, and the parasympathetic nervous system kicks in during times of peace.

Question 15

Pons

Answer 15

Pons is the part of the brain stem that is liable for the facial expressions and movement of the eyes. Many nerves in the brain that contains sensory information travel and connect to the pons.

Question 16

Medulla Oblongota

Answer 16

It works as a connector between the spinal cord and other parts of the brain and this is how it becomes a very important part of the brain can have. The main work done by the medulla is to transmit signals between the body and brain.

Question 17

What system is the amygdala apart of?

Answer 17

The Limbic system

Question 18

Why do people get their brains “split?”

Answer 18

Split-brain surgery, or corpus calloscotomy, is a drastic way of alleviating epileptic seizures, the occurrence of sporadic electrical storms in the brain. The procedure involves severing the corpus callosum, the main bond between the brain’s left and right hemispheres.

Question 19

Consequences of split-brain surgery

Answer 19

Both spheres do not exchange information as efficiently as before. This impairment can result in split-brain syndrome, a condition where the separation of the hemispheres affects behavior and agency. Alleviated seizures.

Question 20

Split-brain syndrome

Answer 20

In patients with split-brain syndrome, the right hemisphere, which controls the left hand and foot, acts independently of the left hemisphere and the person’s ability to make rational decisions. This can give rise to a kind of splitpersonality, in which the left hemisphere give orders that reflect the person’s rationalgoals, whereas the right hemisphere issues conflicting demands that reveal hidden desires.