midterm1

Question 1

what did griffith show?

Answer 1

found that a heritable phenotype could be transferred between organisms ex. bacterial transformation

Question 2

what did avery show?

Answer 2

a heritable phenotype could be transferred between organisms by DNA. (transforming principle)

Question 3

what did hersey and chase show?

Answer 3

growth of a bacteriophage is the result of a transfer of DNA not protein.
genetic material is passed on from parent to offspring via DNA

Question 4

what did garrod show?

Answer 4

Genes control proteins

studied inborn errors of metabolism disease that turns pee black due to lack of enzyme

Question 5

what did beadle and tatum show?

Answer 5

each gene controls a single protein

Ex. mutants that could not synthesize arginine had defects in the arg biosynthesis pathway

Question 6

Ingram showed?

Answer 6

genes control the amino acid sequence of proteins

Question 7

what did miescher discover?

Answer 7

DNA, called it nuclein

Question 8

what did Levene do?

Answer 8

• defined the nucleotide and phosphodiester bond

- proposed a repetitive structure for DNA

Question 9

Nucleotide=?

Answer 9

phosphate, sugar, base

Question 10

DNA binding is?

Answer 10

A=T and G triple bond C

Question 11

RNA binding is?

Answer 11

A=U and G triple bond C

Question 12

What is chargaff’s rule?

Answer 12

A equals T, G equals C

Question 13

what is transcription?

Answer 13

uses DNA to make RNA

Question 14

what is translation?

Answer 14

is protein synthesis.

Question 15

what is the central dogma?

Answer 15

the link between genotype and phenotype is the use of DNA to make RNA and use the RNA to direct protein synthesis

Question 16

what did crick do?

Answer 16

proposed the central dogma, believed rRNA was the intermediate for RNA which meant ribosomes are specialized