Mild Cognitive

Question 1

What is mild cognitive impairment

Answer 1

Cognitive decline beyond that expected for age and education without significantly interfering with normal daily function

Question 2

What is dementia

Answer 2

Chronic and progressive insidious deterioration of behaviour and higher intellectual function due to organic brain disease

Question 3

6CIT TEST SCORES

Answer 3

0-7 normal
8-9 MCI
10+ severe cognitive impairment

Question 4

MCI vs Dementia

Answer 4

Aging associated vs. Not
Symptoms vs. Chronic syndrome
No interference w daily function vs. Interference
No drug treatments vg. Drug treatments

Question 5

Similarities between MCI and Dementia

Answer 5

Both impact cognitive abilities
Neither impact consciousness

Question 6

What functions are tested in 6CIT

Answer 6

Orientation (date and time)
Short term memory (repeat address)
Attention (counting backwards)

Question 7

Mental capacity act

Answer 7

The ability to use and understand information to make a decision and communicate it back

Question 8

When can an individual not make a decision for themselves

Answer 8

1. Can’t understand info relevant to the decision
2. Can’t retain that information
3. Can’t use or weigh up information as part of decision making process

Question 9

Assessing capacity

Answer 9

Does the person have an impairment of their mind/ brain
Does the impairment mean the person is unable to make a decision

Question 10

Alzheimer’s dementia

Answer 10

Gradual onset
Memory loss, inability to conduct daily activities, impaired visuospatial skills, loss of judgement

Amnesia, anomia, apraxia, Agnosia, aphasia, forgetting

Question 11

Pathophysiology of AD

Answer 11

Amyloid beta plaques trigger the phosphorylation of tau, dissociating from the microtubules and accumulating into NFT’s. Leading to a reduction in neuronal function and atrophy

Question 12

Vascular dementia

Answer 12

Reduced blood supply to brain due to diseased vessels and multiple infarcts in minor blood vessels

Sstepwise progression

Slower thinking, movement and bladder problems

Question 13

Lewy body dementia

Answer 13

Aberrant deposits of alpha synuclein protein within the brain
Progressive onset over time
Hallucinations, sleep problems, memory loss

Parkinsonism like features

Question 14

Frontal temporal dementia

Answer 14

Neuronal atrophy of frontal and temporal lobes due to presence of abnormal proteins within them

Speech problems, behavioural changes, emotional problems disinhibition
Semantic dementia, progressive non fluent aphasia