Miscellaneous Flashcards

1
Q

Outline how computer aided inspection can be used to ensure a high degree of accuracy in the printing process

A

Measure colour with a densitometer
Check for colour density/hickies
Check for alignment/registration marks
Provides immediate feedback

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2
Q

Structure of foil line board

A
  • Used as an insulator
  • Protection from leaks
  • Prevention of products expiring too quickly

1st layer- aluminium foil
2nd layer- inner ply
3rd layer- middle ply
4th layer- back coating

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3
Q

Risk assessments

A
Identify the hazard/ risk 
Identify the people at risk 
Evaluate the risk 
Apply PPE/ signage 
Record the risk 
Set a review date
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4
Q

Discuss how TQM can improve the quality of a product?

A
  • makes a product ‘right first time’
  • reduces OST of wastage
  • covers all aspects of design and manufacturing
  • records are kept
  • increases customer satisfaction
  • increase quality - increase costs
  • employees may be resistant to change
  • expensive to set up
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5
Q

Why continuous production for steel cans (beans)

A
  • high demand of product
  • 24/7 production
  • authors mated equipment for manufacturing
  • automatically checks quality
  • allows the cans to be exactly the same (size and shape)
  • reduces human error
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6
Q

Features of a mould which must be considered in order to create a successful vacuum forming

A
  • tapered angles
  • rounded edges
  • air holes
  • take care in positioning, to advising webbing
  • no undercuts
  • Durable mould
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7
Q

Discuss why you would use rapid prototyping using CAD/CAM as an alternative to block moulding

A
  • RPT can be done extremely quickly
  • reducing lead time and money
  • RPT models can be made very accurately - reduces human error
  • RPT can be made with intricate detail
  • RPT allows for a more realistic model
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8
Q

Piezoelectric

A
Materials which produce an electric current when force is applied 
- eg. Sounds in a card when it opens 
- eg. Flashing lights in shoes 
•small amounts of energy is released 
•TRANDUCER: converts 
•ACTUTATOR: switch
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9
Q

RFID

A
  • allows a product to be tracked
  • placed into a product - be able to find in store
  • rags can be built into products easily
  • shows recycling info
  • reduces time in finding the product
  • acts as an anti theft device
  • used for identification
  • expensive to tag all products
  • is simple to install
  • ACTIVE: battery- can last over a longer range
  • PASSIVE: receives only - Only works over short distances
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10
Q

Advantages of waste pulp for producing paper

A
  • more environmentally friendly
  • reduces the need to cut down trees
  • reduces the amount of waste paper in land fills
  • less chemicals are needed
  • fewer greenhouse gases released
  • it is more cost effective
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11
Q

Outline the role of international standards organisation (ISO)

A
  • ensures a product is of the highest quality
  • works alongside BSI standards
  • sets international standards
  • sets company standards
  • ensures a product is fit and safe for use
  • produces technical reports to communicate quality standards
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12
Q

Disadvantages of waste pulp for producing paper

A
  • Large amounts of energy to produce
  • paper can only be recycled 6 times
  • paper needs to be de-inked
  • glues/staples need to be removed
  • waste produced by de-ink goes to landfills
  • there’s less strength
  • less durable
  • discoloured
  • poor quality for printing
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13
Q

Liquid Crystal Display technology

A
  • lightweight
  • no warm up time
  • less space/ smaller
  • higher quality/ higher definition/higher resolution
  • better for your eyes
  • expensive to replace
  • limited viewing angles
  • image persistence (ghosting)
  • doesn’t get hot
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14
Q

Why is screen printing not suitable for large batches?

A
  • time consuming
  • ink needs to dry
  • layers need to be applied individually
  • only suitable for small/one of batches
  • unable to print find detail
  • there are more efficient methods
  • stencils can be expensive
  • colour can not be consistent - not of a high quality
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15
Q

Evaluate solid model

A
  • photo realistic
  • clear communication
  • complex data required
  • computerised- altered easily
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16
Q

Evaluate Surface modelling

A
  • a skin is added to the skeleton
  • more realistic drawing
  • no information about different surfaces
  • simple to understand
  • computerised - altered easily
17
Q

Evaluate wire frame modelling

A
•visual representation of a 3D object 
•transparent skeleton 
•simple and fast 
.•difficult to read and understand 
•lack of detail 
•computerised - altered easily
18
Q

Why will sizing agents be used during the drying stage?

A
  • improve water resistance
  • prevents ink from feathering
  • used as an adhesive
  • improve the strength and durability
  • produces a better printing surface
  • improving overall quality and value of product
19
Q

Mechanical pulping

A
  • provides a 90% yield from pulpwood
  • investment costs are low
  • well suited for ‘bulk’ grades of paper
  • can be bleached
  • lower strength characteristics than softwoods
  • paper can ‘yellow’ when exposed to bright lights due to lingin
20
Q

Chemical pulping

A
  • higher qualities of wood pulp
  • produces ‘chlorine - free’ disposable impurities
  • waste lingin can be burnt as a fuel substitute
  • lower yield than mechanical pulping
  • no chemical pulp is produced in the UK - is imported - increasing costs
21
Q

Why is carton board ideal for the backing of products?

A
  • strong/ sturdy
  • recyclable
  • inexpensive
  • variety of thicknesses
  • easy to die cut
  • different processes can be applied
22
Q

Why 3D surface modelling?

A
  • feel/ see what the final product will look like
  • can see all 360 angles
  • automatically modify dimensions
  • saves for physical modelling - saves money
  • easier to work with than 2D modelling
  • automated process - save/send for client feedback
23
Q

How does Electicaluminescent lighting work?

A
  • changes electrical energy into light
  • powers applied across electrodes
  • when electrical charge is applied, phosphor crystals are charged
  • extremely low current with high voltage
  • there’s a low energy consumption
24
Q

Stages of manufacturing of GRP

A
  • mould covered with releasing agent
  • first layer - gel coat applied
  • polyester resin and catalyst applied
  • cut up fibres are used
  • mould is let to cool
  • mould is released
  • edges need to be trimmed
25
Q

Key concepts of quality assurance

A
  • monitors all stages of manufacturing
  • ensures customer satisfaction
  • ensures product is at highest quality/standard
  • uses QC to monitor/check the product throughout
26
Q

Cost implications of quality control systems

A
  • running QC costs extra money
  • increases selling price - due to increased product
  • set up costs are expensive
  • running costs - labour
  • creates a higher quality product /more reliable products
  • reduction of waste
  • increases productivity
27
Q

Describe how computers are used to ensure colour consistency in the final print run?

A
  • check the colour are correct
  • computers automatically check/adjust the colour
  • densitometer is used
  • check colour density is consistent
28
Q

Discuss ways in which TQM can impact the design or manufacturing of products

A
  • improve customer satisfaction
  • right first time
  • reduces cost of waste
  • improves job satisfaction
  • improves product quality
  • employees may be against change
  • time consuming
  • inspections may be expensive
  • staff receive more training
29
Q

Why is styrofoam ideal for modelling

A
  • lightweight
  • porous material
  • moulder easily
  • parts can be glued together
  • improve surface finish
  • don’t need specialist equipment
30
Q

Why aluminium as a pavement sign?

A
  • lightweight
  • will not rust
  • waterproof
  • take a variety of finishes
  • recyclable
  • flexible material
31
Q

Why polystyrene for a cup?

A
  • water resistant
  • non-toxic
  • good insulator
  • lightweight
  • recyclable
32
Q

Hardbound/casebound

A
  • Combines sewing/stitching and gluing
  • hardback books
  • high quality
  • very expensive
33
Q

Perfect binding

A
  • pages are held together by the cover using flexible adhesive
  • good presentation
  • time insuring process
  • expensive
34
Q

Spiral and combing

A
  • a series of holes punched - binding goes through these holes
  • good quality finish
  • inexpensive
35
Q

Saddle wire stitching

A
  • stapling through the side
  • simple method
  • brochures/magazines
  • inexpensive when commercially produced.
  • lower quality visual appearance
  • not durable
36
Q

Why is MDF ideal for modelling?

A
  • inexpensive
  • can be easily cut and shaped
  • heavier than a polymer - high quality feel
  • equal strength in all directions
  • doesn’t distort
  • can take various finishes
  • no grain - no tendency to split
  • easily laser cut
  • durable
37
Q

Side wire stitching

A
  • staples are passed through the side
  • booklets
  • used when too thick to use saddle wire
  • inexpensive
  • lower quality visually
  • can’t open pages properly
38
Q

What are composites?

A

Wen two or more materials are combined by bonding

It has improved mechanical, functional and aesthetic properties