Mitosis & Cell Cycle

Question 1

What is mitosis?

Answer 1

The process of 1 cell dividing into 2 cells.

Question 2

What is cell division?

Answer 2

• nuclear material is divided into 2 identical parts (mitosis)
• cell contents are evenly split between 2 daughter cells (cytokinesis).

Question 3

How many points are there that describes the importance of cell division?

Answer 3

3

Question 4

What are the points that describe the importance of the cell division?

Answer 4

1. Healing and tissue repair: replace dead cells
2. Growth: increase number of cells to keep cells small and constant
3. Reproduction: perpetuate life

Question 5

How many stages are there in the cell cycle?

Answer 5

2

Question 6

What are the stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 6

1. Interphase

2. Cell Division

Question 7

What is interphase?

Answer 7

When a cell is preparing for cell division, which is majority of the time and the longest phase.

Question 8

When does interphase occur?

Answer 8

Occurs before mitosis begins, hence it’s NOT part of mitosis

Question 9

When is a cell not allowed to undergo cell division when one or more of the following occurs?

Answer 9

1. Unsufficient amount of nutrients unable to support growth
2. DNA has not replicated
3. DNA is damaged

Question 10

What are the phases in Interphase?

Answer 10

First Growth Phase (G1):
- Period of cell producing new proteins and organelles

Synthesis Phase (S): Cell synthesizes entire copy of DNA

Second Growth Phase (G2):

• shortest phase
• cell produces organelles and structures for cell division

Question 11

How many phases are there in the cell cycle?

Answer 11

4

Question 12

What are the phases in the cell cycle?

Answer 12

1. Prophase
2. Metaphase
3. Anaphase
4. Telophase

Question 13

What is prophase?

Answer 13

• Longest phase of mitosis (preparation phase)
• Chromatin condenses into chromosomes
• Centrioles and mitotic spindles began to form

Question 14

What is metaphase?

Answer 14

• Organizational phase
• Spindle fibres attach to the chromosomes @ centromere
• Chromosomes line up the middle of the cell

Question 15

What is anaphase?

Answer 15

• Separation phase
• Chromosomes split at the centromere
• Sister ‘chromatids’ are pulled by spindle fibers to opposite poles of the cell

Question 16

What is telophase?

Answer 16

• Chromosomes, cytoplasm and organelles divide into 2 portions

Question 17

What happens after mitosis?

Answer 17

Cytokinesis

Question 18

What is cytokinesis?

Answer 18

Animal Cells

• Cell membrane pinches until original parent cell is divided into 2 equal daughter cells

Plant Cells

• Cell plate forms between the 2 nuclei which generates a new cell wall
• Divides original parent cell into 2 equal daughter cells

Question 19

What is the easiest way to remember the order of phases?

Answer 19

IPMAT=
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase