Mixtures and Separation

Question 1

what is an element

Answer 1

pure substance made from one type of atom

Question 2

what are compounds

Answer 2

pure substances but they are made of more than one atom

Question 3

what are mixtures

Answer 3

when two or more substances are mixed together

they do not behave the same way as the pure substances that they are made of

Question 4

what is seiving

Answer 4

used to separate a mixture of solid with different particles sizes

Question 5

what is gravitational filtration

Answer 5

when you rely on weight of solid particles to filter the two materials

Question 6

what is vacuum filtration

Answer 6

faster than gravitational filtration, it is useful if the particles are light and you want to dry out the mixture.

Question 7

what is filtration

Answer 7

can be used to seperate insoluble substance from a soluble substances

uses porous barrier to separate the solid from the liquid and the liquid passes through leaving the solid in the filter paper

Question 8

what is filtration used for

Answer 8

to separate heterogenous mixtures compared of solids and liquids

Question 9

what is sedimentation

Answer 9

sedimentation - when more dense material drops to the bottom and decantation (when you pour the liquid at the top away)

Question 10

what is centrifugation

Answer 10

when we spin a mixture in a centrifuge, this helps to settle finer particles that may not settle naturally.

Question 11

what is a way to seperate by evaporation

Answer 11

Evaporation is when you boil off the liquid and it leaves the dissolved material behind

Question 12

what is distillation

Answer 12

uses evaporation but then collects the gases, the condesor converts the gas back into a liquid and it is collected in a flask

Question 13

what is fractaionl distillation

Answer 13

used for mixtures that have many different substances in them, that all have slightly different boiling points

Question 14

what is distaillation and evaporation used for

Answer 14

used to separate homogenous mixtures
it is based on differnet boiling points of substances involved

evaporation can be used to separate a solute from the solvent in a solution

Question 15

what are the ways of separating by particle size

Answer 15

seiving, gravitational filtration, vacuum filtration

Question 16

what are teh way of separating by density

Answer 16

sedimentation, separation funnels, cetrifugation

Question 17

what are the ways of separating by boiling point

Answer 17

evaporaton, distillation, fractional distillation

Question 18

what are the ways of separating by electrical charge

Answer 18

electrostatic separation, chromatography

Question 19

what is a separation funnel

Answer 19

used when liquids don’t mix, the funnel has a tap at the bottom and you can let the most dense material out

Question 20

what is crystalisation

Answer 20

separation technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles from a solution containing the dissolved substance

as one substance evaporates, dissolved substanes comes out of solution and collects as crystals

prodcuces highly pure solids

Question 21

what is electrio static repulsion

Answer 21

can be used to separate charged solid particles from a gas, many factories use this in their exhaust towers so that solid material is the fumes is removed

Question 22

what is chromotography seperation

Answer 22

technique that relies on how sticky one material is to a static medium, this separates components of a mixture out

Question 23

what is magnet separation

Answer 23

can be used to separate magnetic substance from non magnetic substance