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Biology > Mock 1 > Flashcards

Mock 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What do carbohydrates provide?

A

Energy.

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2
Q

What does fat provide?

A

Energy and insulation.

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3
Q

What does protein provide?

A

Growth and repair.

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4
Q

What is malnourishment?

A

Unbalanced diet.

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5
Q

What does malnourishment lead to?

A

Being overweight or underweight and diseases.

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6
Q

What can cause type 2 diabetes?

A

Eating too much sugar and fat.

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7
Q

What does type 2 diabetes do?

A

Makes the person unable to control the sugar levels in their blood.

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8
Q

How do you control type 2 diabetes?

A

With a balanced diet, exercising and monitoring blood sugar levels.

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9
Q

What happens when a person consumes more energy than they use?

A

It turns into fat.

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10
Q

Why is exercising healthy?

A

Use up more energy and have a lower blood pressure.

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11
Q

What is metabolic rate?

A

The rate that all the chemical reactions in the cells in the body are carried out.

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12
Q

What do you need for a higher metabolic rate?

A

More energy.

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13
Q

What is Cholesterol?

A

A substance that our body creates from fat that we consume in our diet.

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14
Q

What can too much cholesterol increase the chance of?

A

Cardio-Vascular diseases.

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15
Q

What are some examples of cardio-vascular diseases?

A

Strokes and heart attacks.

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16
Q

Where is the central nervous system?

A

The brain and spinal cord.

17
Q

What are receptors?

A

Cells that detect stimuli.

18
Q

What are neurones?

A

Nerve cells.

19
Q

What is a relay neurone?

A

A neurone in the central nervous system that carries the impulse from a sensory neurone to a motor neurone.

20
Q

What is a motor neurone?

A

A nerve cell that transmits a nerve impulse from the central nervous system to an effector.

21
Q

What is an effector?

A

A muscle or gland that brings out an response.

22
Q

What are synapses?

A

The junctions between nerve cells.

23
Q

What are plants sensitive to?

A

Light, moisture and gravity.

24
Q

What do their roots grow towards?

A

Moisture and the direction of the force of gravity.

25
Q

What is an example of a plant hormone?

A

Auxin.

26
Q

What does auxin affect in the shoots?

A

It increases cell growth which causes the root to curve towards the light.

27
Q

What does auxin affect in the roots?

A

It slows cell growth which causes the root to curve away from the stimulus.

28
Q

How are drugs tested?

A

Laboratory tests using cells, tissues and live animals. Human volunteers.

29
Q

What happened to babies if their mother took thalidomide during pregnancy?

A

They were often born with limb abnormalities.

30
Q

What was thalidomide originally used as?

A

A sleeping pill.

31
Q

Why was thalidomide banned?

A

Because of the abnormalities it caused in babies.

32
Q

What are pathogens?

A

Micro-organisms that cause infectious diseases.

Biology (6 decks)

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