Module 1 & 2:

Question 1

critical thinking

Answer 1

examines assumptions, appraises the source, discerns hidden biases, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions

Question 2

structuralism

Answer 2

• identify structure of the mind

- Wilhelm Wundt - created first psychology lab (Germany)

Question 3

functionalism

Answer 3

• identify functions of the mind
• how mental and behavioral processes function - how enable organism to adapt, survive, and flourish
• William James (influenced by Darwin)

Question 4

behaviorism

Answer 4

view that psychology

1. objective science
2. studies behavior w/o reference to mental processes

Question 5

humanistic psychology

Answer 5

historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential

Question 6

psychology

Answer 6

study of behavior and mental processes

Question 7

cognitive neuroscience

Answer 7

interdisciplinary study of brain activity linked w/ cognition (perception, thinking, memory, and language)

Question 8

nature-nurture issue

Answer 8

controversy over relative contributions that genes and experience make to development of psych. traits and behaviors

• today: traits and behaviors arising from interaction of both
• Plato: (Nativism= Nature) certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn
• Aristotle: (Empericism=Nurture) all knowledge acquired through experience- blank slate; build who you are

Question 9

natural selection

Answer 9

-traits that better enable an organism to survive and reproduce in particular environment most likely be passed to succeeding generations

Question 10

evolutionary psychology

Answer 10

study of evolution of behavior and mind

using principles of natural selection

Question 11

behavior genetics

Answer 11

study of how relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior

Question 12

culture

Answer 12

enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of ppl and transmitted from one generation to the next

Question 13

levels of analysis

Answer 13

differing complementary views for analyzing any given phenomenon

Question 14

biopsychosocial approach

Answer 14

integrated approach - incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis

Question 15

basic research

Answer 15

pure science - aims to increase scientific knowledge base

Question 16

applied research

Answer 16

scientific study- aims to solve practical problems

Question 17

counseling psychology

Answer 17

• branch of psych.

- assist ppl w/ problems in living (school, work, marriage) & in achieving greater well-being

Question 18

clinical psychology

Answer 18

-branch of psych. that STUDIES, ASSESSES, AND TREATS ppl w/ psychological disorders

Question 19

psychiatry

Answer 19

• branch of MEDicine
• deal w/ psychological disorders
• practiced by physicians (sometimes provide medical treatments [drugs] w/ psychological therapy

Question 20

community psychology

Answer 20

• branch of psych.
• studies how ppl interact w/ social environments
• & how social institutions affect individuals and groups

Question 21

positive psychology

Answer 21

• scientific study of human functioning

- goal of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive