MODULE 1 Flashcards
1
Q
psychology
A
the systematic scientific study of behaviours and mental processes
2
Q
psychologists
A
study everything about the human experience from the basic workings of the brain to consciousness, memory , reasoning and language to personality and mental health
3
Q
mental processes
A
are not directly observable but refer to a wide range of complex mental processes
e.g. thinking, imagining, studying, dreaming
4
Q
goals of psychology
A
- to DESCRIBE different ways organisms behave
- to EXPLAIN the cause of behaviour
- PREDICT how organisms will behave in certain situations
- CONTROL organisms behaviour
5
Q
seven unifying themes of psychology
A
- psychology is empirical
- psychology is theoretically diverse
- psychology evolves in sociohistoric context
- behaviour determined by multiple causes
- culture
- hereditary + environment
- peoples experience of the world is highly objective
6
Q
list new directions in psychology
A
- positive psychology - marin seligmen
- health psychology (stress + perception) - susan folk man
- personality + social psychology
7
Q
list the 8 subsections/subdisciplines of psychology
A
- biological
- cognitive
- behavioural
- social
- psychoanalytical
- humanistic
- cross cultural
- evolutionary
8
Q
biological psychology
A
1950’s -
- genes, hormones and nervous system
- influencing learning, personality, memory ,motivation,emotions
- charles darwin
9
Q
cognitive psychology
A
1950’s-
- examines how we process, store + use info
- influencing what we perceive, learn, remember, feel
- jean piaget
10
Q
behavioural psychology
A
1913 -
- learn behaviours/ modify existing
- depending on environment
- reward/punish behaviour
- ivan pavlov, b f skinner
11
Q
social psychology
A
- mental processes in addition to observable
- influenced by environment + environment, observation and limitations
- bandura
12
Q
psychoanalytical psychology
A
1900 -
- childhood experiences greatly influence development in personality traits/problems
- stress = unconsciousness fears, desires, motivation, problems
- Sigmund and Anna Freud
13
Q
Humanistic psychology
A
1950 -
- individual freedom in directing future, personal growth and fulfilment
- philosophy of life rather than science
- ideal and real self become confront
- abraham maslow
14
Q
cross cultural approach
A
1970-
- influence of cultural/ethnic similarities/differences on psychological and social functioning
- walter Ionner
15
Q
evolutionary approach
A
1980-
- evolutionary ideas e.g. adaptations + natural selection
- explains behaviours and informs all psychology
- david buss
