Module 3 Flashcards
What frequency transducer is used for the abdo
2-7MHz
What anatomy is scanned during a routine upper abdominal ultrasound?
Aorta, IVC and abdominal vasculature
Peritoneal cavity
Pancreas
Liver
Gallbladder and Biliary System
Kidneys
Adrenal glands
Spleen
General scan of the entire abdominal cavity
usual preparation for a routine abdo scan
- 6 hour fast
- No smoking (2hrs prior)
contraindications for abdo scan
- Patient refusal
- Non-fasting
- Body habitus
- Excessive bowel and stomach gas
- High liver and spleen under ribs
- Patient immobility
- Inability for patient to hold their breath
what are the 3 layers of the aorta
adventitia (outer)
Media (middle)
Intima (inner)
What are 3 pathologies related to the aorta
AAA
Lymphadenopathy
Ascites
Wht are 2 pathologies related to the pancreas
Pancreatitis
Tumour
what are 3 pathologies related to the gallbladder
Cholelithiasis
Cholecystitis
CBD dilation
what are 6 pathologies related to the liver
hepatomegaly portal hypertension fatty liver hepatitis metastases hepatocellular carcinoma
what are 2 pathologies related to the spleen
splenomegaly
trauma related; most frequently injured organ in abdo trauma
contraindications for a renal scan
Patient non- compliance
Patient dehydrated
Patient NBM and on a drip
Poor urinary output
Unable to hold bladder
Unclamped catheter
Unfasted
Patient body habitus
Excessive stomach and bowel gas obscuring kidneys
prep for renal scan
Same as upper abdo, as well as:
- Full bladder; emptying their bladder 2 hours prior to the appointment then proceeding to drink 500mL – 1L of water over the next hour then to hold
what are 5 renal pathologies
hydronephrosis
renal calculi
masses; renal cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma
Polycystic kidney disease
Ureterocele
