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Biology > Module 3 Brain > Flashcards

Module 3 Brain Flashcards

1
Q

Label the diagram of the brain

A

A = Parietal Lobe

B = Occipital Lobe

C = Cerebellum

D = Spinal Cord

E = Brain Stem

F = Temporal Lobe

G = Frontal Lobe

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2
Q

What is the brain made up of?

A

Billions of nerve cells

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3
Q

How much of the oxygen you breathe is used by the brain?

A

Up to 20%

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4
Q

What are the 3 major regions of the brain?

A

cerebellum, forebrain, brainstem

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5
Q

What might happen if you didn’t have a hypothalamus?

A

Eat and never feel full

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6
Q

Label the diagram of a nerve cell

A

A = cell body

B = cytoplasm

C = myrlin sheath (insulator)

D = nerve endings connect with muscle gland

E = axon (nerve fibre)

F = dendrites connect with other neurones

G = nucleus

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7
Q

What functions is the Frontal Lobe responsible for?

A

movement, personality, concentration, emotions, speech, smell

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8
Q

What is the Parietal Lobe responsible for?

A

touch and pressure, taste, body awareness

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9
Q

What is the Temporal Lobe responsible for?

A

hearing, recognizing faces, emotions, long term memory

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10
Q

What is the Occipital lobe responsible for?

A

sight

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11
Q

What is the Cerebellum responsible for?

A

fine muscle control, balance coordination

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12
Q

What is the Limbic Lobe responsible for?

A

located insie the brain it controls emotions e.g. love, happiness, sadness

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13
Q

How is our brain protected?

A

skull and cerebrospinal fluid

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14
Q

What is another name for nerve cells?

A

neurones

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15
Q

What are our 5 sences?

A

touch, sight, taste, hearing, smell

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16
Q

There are different types of nerve endings deep inside the skin, what are 3 of them responsible for?

A
  1. heavy pressure 2. hot, 3. cold
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17
Q

What are the nerve endings close to the skin responsible for?

A

pain

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18
Q

Label the diagram of the eye

A

A = Lens

B = Aqueous humour

C = Pupil

D = Conjunctiva

E = Comea

F = Iris

G = Ciliary muscle

H = Suspensory ligament

I = Vitreous humour

J = Retina

K = Fovea

L = Optic nerve

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19
Q

Label the diagram of the eye front

A

A = eyelashes

B = sclera

C = pupil

D = iris

E = tear gland

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20
Q

Light must pass through many parts of the eye to reach the light sensitive cells. List the different layers that the light must pass through.

A

Conjuntiva, cornea, aqueous humour (liquid layer), pupil, lens, vitreous humour (jelly layer)

21
Q

Too much light could damage the retina. What part of the eye is muscular and changes its shape to alter the amount of light entering the eye?

A

iris

22
Q

What part of the eye focuses light on to the retina?

A

lens and cornea

23
Q

The image is upside down on the retina. Where is the image turned the correct way round?

A

the brain

24
Q

What does it mean to be short sighted and how can this be corrected?

A

Light rays are focused in front of the retina and a concave lens will correct this

25
Q

What does it mean to be long sighted and how can this be corrected?

A

Light rays are focused behind the retina and a convex lens will correct this

26
Q

What part of the eye:
(a) Helps focus an image on the retina?

(b) Controls how much light gets in?
(c) Is the transparent part of the sclera?
(d) Changes the shape of the lens?
(e) Is a layer of light sensitive cells?
(f) Carries messages to the brain?

A

(a) lens
(b) iris
(c) cornea
(d) ciliary muscles
(e) retina
(f) optic nerve

27
Q

What are the following parts of the eye responsible for?

(a) lens
(b) iris
(c) cornea
(d) ciliary muscles
(e) retina
(f) optic nerve

A

What part of the eye:

(a) Helps focus an image on the retina?
(b) Controls how much light gets in?
(c) Is the transparent part of the sclera?
(d) Changes the shape of the lens?
(e) Is a layer of light sensitive cells?
(f) Carries messages to the brain?

28
Q

Label the diagram of the ear

A

A = outer ear

B = middle ear

C = inner ear

D = hammer

E = anvil

F = stirrup

G = semicircular canals

H = cochlea

I = auditroy nerve

J = eardrum

K = pinna

L = auditory canal

29
Q

Label the taste areas on the tongue

A

A = bitter

B = sweet

C = sweet and salt

D = sour

30
Q

Label the diagram explaining smell

A

A = nerve from brain

B = smell receptors

C = Nasal cavity

D = mouth cavity

31
Q

What are sound waves?

A

vibrations

32
Q

What are the 3 tiny bones in the ear called and what do they do?

A

ear ossicles. These magnify the vibrations

33
Q

There are many situations where a loss of hearing could be dangerous. Name as many as you can.

A

smoke alarm, fire bell, crossing road,

34
Q

What is the function of the eyelid

A

protects the eye

35
Q

What is the function of the eyelashes?

A

stops dust getting into the eye

36
Q

Function of the pupil?

A

hole which allows light pass through to the back of the eye

37
Q

Function of iris

A

coloured pigment that contolls the amount of light passing into the

38
Q

Function of sclera (white of eye)?

A
39
Q

Function of suspensory ligaments

A
40
Q

Function of retina

A
41
Q

Function of the optic nerve

A
42
Q

Function of cilary muscles

A
43
Q

How does the pupil change in light and dark

A

in light pupils get smaller to prevent damage, in the dark they become larger because the iris is pulled wider to allow enough light to pass into the eye so that they can see

44
Q

How is light bent so that it becomes focused on the retina?

A
45
Q

What is the difference between binocular vision and monocular vision?

A
46
Q

Explain how we actually taste food.

A
47
Q

smells are chemicals in the air, how do we smell them?

A

Chemicals dissolve in the moist lining of your nose and stimulate small hairs in the roof of your nasal cavity

48
Q
A

Biology (4 decks)

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