Module 4

Question 1

What is origin?

Answer 1

Attachment to part that is least mobile

Question 2

What is insertion?

Answer 2

Attachment of part that moves with contraction 

Question 3

What is adduction?

Answer 3

Think add together

Question 4

What is abduction?

Answer 4

Think abs are apart 

Question 5

What are intrinsic muscles?

Answer 5

Origin and insertion are on laryngeal cartilages

Responsible for individual movements are specific components comprising the larynx

Function as aducters, abductors, tensors and relaxers 

Question 6

What are the adductors of vocal folds?

Answer 6

Lateral cricoarytenoids 
Interarytenoids (transverse arytenoids and oblique arytenoids)

Question 7

What are lateral cricoarytenoids

Answer 7

Origin: cricoid
Insertion: muscular process of arytenoids
Location: lateral-on the sides

Question 8

What are Transverse Arytenoid muscle?

Answer 8

Unpaired muscle
Bands on fibers spanning the post surface of both arytenoids
Location: lateral margin of post surface of each arytenoid

Question 9

What are oblique aryteniod muscles

Answer 9

Slanting paired muscle
Located immediately above transverse arytenoid muscle
Origin: post base of muscular process
Insertion: apex of opposite arytenoid

Question 10

Abductor of VF

Answer 10

Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
ONLY ABDUCTOR of the VF

Question 11

What are the tensors

Answer 11

Thyrovocalis
Cricothyroid

Question 12

What is the thyrovocalis muscle

Answer 12

Origin: inner surface of thyroid cartilage near notch
Insertion: lat surface of arytenoid vocal process
Innervation: recurrent laryngeal nerve branch of cranial nerve X

Question 13

What is the cricothyroid muscle?

Answer 13

Primary tensor of VF

Pars Recta- medial component. Origin: ant surface of cricoid. Insertion: lower surface of thyroid lamina

Para oblique - arises from cricoid cartilage lateral to para recta. Inserts in juncture of thyroid lamina & inf. horns

Question 14

Function of tensing VF

Answer 14

Rock the thyroid forward relative to cricoid

Innervation - external branch of sup laryngeal nerve of cranial nerve X

Question 15

What are the relaxers

Answer 15

Thyromuscularis
Superior thyroarytenoid muscle

Question 16

What are the thyromuscularis?

Answer 16

Origin: inner surface of thyroid cartilage, lateral to thyrovocalis.
Insertion: arytenoid cartilage at muscular process & base

Question 17

Relaxing VF

Answer 17

Pull arytenoids toward thyroid cartilage w/o rocking
Innervation: recurrent laryngeal nerve, cranial nerve X

Question 18

What is extrinsic?

Answer 18

Only one attachment on a laryngeal cartilage, other on non-laryngeal structure
Function - elevator or depressor

Question 19

What is voicing?

Answer 19

Each VF is comprised of a vocal ligament, internal thyroarytenoid muscle, and mucosal covering.

Question 20

False Vocal folds

Answer 20

Do not contain muscles and are comprised mucous membrane that are in the Supra-glottal space in the larynx

Question 21

What is phonation?

Answer 21

Air pressure from lungs builds up behind vocal folds. (Negative air pressure pulls folds back together)
VF are elastic (lateral movement of vocal moves continue elastic tensions closes the glottis