Module 5 Flashcards
1
Q
Isotonic Dehydration
A
Child is losing equal amounts of fluids and electrolytes
2
Q
Hypotonic Dehydration
A
Child has lost more electrolytes then fluids
3
Q
Hypertonic Dehydration
A
Child has lost more fluids then electrolytes
4
Q
Infant water weight percentage
A
77% Water
5
Q
What makes kids different
A
- Large body surface area
- Higher metabolic Rate
- Respirations are more rapid
- Kidneys are immature and can’t conserve water
- Unable to regulate heat loss well
- More extracellular fluids
6
Q
Causes of Hypernatremia ( Sodium imbalance)
A
- Inadaquet breastfeeding
- Diabetes
- Diarrhea and vomiting
- Excessive sweating
- Diuretics
7
Q
Signs and Symptoms of Hypernatremia
A
- Thirst
- Decreased urine output
- Confusion leathery, coma
- Seizures
8
Q
Causes of Hyponaretmia Sodium imbalance)
A
- Diarrhea and vomiting
- Water intoxication
9
Q
Signs and Symptoms of hyponatremia
A
- Anorexia
- Headache
- Lethargy
- Confusion
- coma
- Frequant cause of seizures under 6 months
10
Q
What is the frequent cause of seizures in infants under 6 months ?
A
Hyponatremia
11
Q
Treatment for Hyponatremia
A
- Restrict oral intake of water
- Oral electrolytes
- Hypertonic saline infusion 5%NaCl
- Monitor serum NA levels
- Assess LOC
12
Q
Assessments for Hypnatremia
A
Serum Na levels
LOC
13
Q
Causes for Hyperkalemia ( Too much potassium)
A
- Renal function
- Metabolic Acidosis from diarrhea
- IV overload
- Blood transfusions
- Medications
- Prolonged vomiting and nausea
- Burns
- Rhabdomyolysis
14
Q
Signs and Symptoms of Hyperkalemia
A
- Musclr weakness to flaccid paralysis
- Diarrhea can occur in young children
- Mental Confusion
- Abdominal cramping in odler children
- Cardiac arrhythmias to cardiac arrest
- Respiratory failure
- Numbness of extremeties
15
Q
Treatment of Hyperkalemia
A
- Stop IV that contain K+
- Restrict K+ Foods
- Hymodialysis K+ wasting duiretics
- IV bicarb, insulin and glucose
