Module 5.4: Moral Development in Adolescence

Question 1

What can adolescents do better than younger children in terms of morality?

Answer 1

Adolescents are better able than younger children to take another person’s perspective, to solve social problems, to deal with interpersonal relationships, and to see themselves as social beings

Question 2

Heinz’s Dilemma

Answer 2

the cancer patient and the greedy druggist/pharmacist, most famous example of Lawrence Kohlberg’s approach to studying moral development

Question 3

Levels of Kohlberg’s Model of Morality

Answer 3

Level 1: Preconventional Morality
Level 2: Conventional Morality
Level 3: Postconventional Morality

Question 4

Stages of Kohlberg’s Model of Morality

Answer 4

Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment
Stage 2: Individualism and Exchange
Stage 3: Good Interpersonal Relationship
Stage 4: Maintaining Social Order
Stage 5: Social Contract and Individual Rights
Stage 6: Universal Principles

Question 5

Age for Preconventional Morality

Answer 5

3-7 years old

Question 6

Age for Conventional Morality

Answer 6

8-13 years old

Question 7

Age for Postconventional Morality

Answer 7

14-older years

Question 8

Obedience and Punishment Orientation

Answer 8

The child/individual is good to AVOID PUNISHMENT because punishment equates, they must have done something wrong

Question 9

Individualism and Exchange

Answer 9

Children recognize that there is not just one right view that is handed down by authorities. They conform to rules out of self-interest and consideration what others can do for them.

Question 10

Good Interpersonal Relationship

Answer 10

The child is good in order to be seen as a good person by others. Approval of others is important.

Question 11

Maintaining Social Order

Answer 11

The child becomes aware of the rules of the society, so judgement concern obeying the rules to uphold the law and avoid guilt.

Question 12

Social Contract and Individual Rights

Answer 12

Child becomes aware that while rules might exist for the betterment of everyone, there are times you have to bend the law for self-interests

Question 13

Universal Principles

Answer 13

People developed their own set of moral guidelines, which may or may not fit the law. The principles apply to everyone. They do what they think is right regardless of legal restrictions or opinion of others.

Question 14

Cosmic Stage

Answer 14

people consider the effect of their actions not only on other people but on the universe as a whole

Question 15

Adolescents are capable of moral reasoning, therefore, they engage in moral reasoning. True or false?

Answer 15

False. Just because a person is capable of moral reasoning does not necessarily mean the person actually engages in moral reasoning

Question 16

Kohlberg’s System is biased against what kind of cultures?

Answer 16

It is biased against non-western cultures.

Question 17

What is Gilligan’s argument with the way men and women see morality?

Answer 17

Gilligan argued that men viewed morality in terms of justice and fairness. However, women placed caring and avoiding harm as the higher goals than justice.

Question 18

What factors related to morality do girls tend to show more than boys do?

Answer 18

Girls tend to show more prosocial behavior and empathetic concern than boys

Question 19

Effect of peers on prosocial behavior

Answer 19

Peers could increase or decrease the occurrence of prosocial behavior

Question 20

Most common form of prosocial behavior

Answer 20

Volunteering is a common form of prosocial behavior