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theranostics > monoclonal antibodies > Flashcards

monoclonal antibodies Flashcards

1
Q

antibody

A

protein reacts w virus/bacteria and some cx cells to mark them for removal

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2
Q

can antibodies be made artificially in lab

A

yes

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3
Q

what white blood cell makes antibodies

A

B-cell lymphocyte

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4
Q

antigen

A

protein molecules from either foreign or host sources in response to antibody

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5
Q

b cell

A

wbc type

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6
Q

where is b cell made

A

bone marrow

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7
Q

what does b cell do

A

fight infection

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8
Q

CD20 antigen

A

specific protein found on malignant and normal b cells

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9
Q

low grade lymphoma

A

lymphoma that grows slowly

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10
Q

another name for low grade lymphoma

A

“indolent” lymphoma

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11
Q

refractory

A

resistant to treatment

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12
Q

toxicity

A

unwanted side effects of cx therpies like decr in blood cells, hair loss, nausea, vomiting

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13
Q

monoclonal antibody

A

type of protein designed to target a specific antigen

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14
Q

hodgkins is usually seen in what type of patients? where at? and treatable?

A

pediatrics, seen in chest, few subtypes, easier to treat

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15
Q

non hodgkins is usually seen where? in who? treatability?

A

adults, usually outside of chest area (lymph nodes… colon), many subtypes, what we usually treat in PET

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16
Q

whats zevalin

A

MoAb therapy with a Y90 isotope that is paired with chelator (tiuxetan) and anti-CD20 mAb (ibritumomab)

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17
Q

zevalin=

A

MoAb+Y90

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18
Q

indications for zevalin

A

previously untreated NHL in pt who achieve partial/ complete response to first line chemo
-relapsed/ refractory, low grade or follicular b cell NHL

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19
Q

top 3 cancers for men

A

1-prostate
2-lung
3-colon

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20
Q

top 3 cancers for women

A

1-breast
2-lung
3-colon

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21
Q

zevalin is composed of three things

A

1-ibritumomab (MoAb)
2-tiuxetan (chelator) that covalently links to ibritumomab and tightly binds to Y-90
3-Y-90 (radioisotope) high energy beta emitter

21
Q

hama rxn is and how do we pretreat

A

human anti mouse antibody is an allergic rxn to mouse antibody. pretreat with tylenol and benadryl

22
Q

what does zevalin combine with in terms of how it works

A

combines targetting and therapeutic activity of MoAb with the cytotoxic activity of radiation

23
Q

what antigen does zevalin bind to and what cell expresses it

A

CD20 on b cell in NHL

24
Q

what does beta emission from y-90 do

A

induces cellular damage and formation of free radicals in target and neighboring cells and is known as cross fire effect

25
Q

why do we give rituximab

A

saturate readily available CD20 sites in spleen and normal b cells so that cx cells are to be main target of therapy

26
Q

what is zevalin indicated for

A

all low grade NHL

27
Q

types of low grade NHL

A

-small cell lymphoma
-follicular lymphoma
-mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma
-lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma
-waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

28
Q

whats given day 1 of zevalin trtmnt

A

250mg/m^2 of rituximab in an OP facility or hem/onc office

29
Q

what is given on day 7,8, or 9

A

250 mg/m^2 of rituximab and followed within 4 hours with zevalin dose

30
Q

premedicated before what and how much

A

prior to rituximab infusion
650 mg Tylenol and 50 m g benadryl

31
Q

how long should iv infusion be given of zevalin

A

over 10 min

32
Q

dose for pt with normla platelet count

A

0.4mCi/kg

33
Q

dose for pt with platelet ct greater than or equal to 100,000-149,000 cells mm^3

A

0.3 mCi/kg in refractory or relapse

34
Q

lab criteria

A

pt w previously treated follicular NHL who achived PR or CR to first line chemo need to meet following:
-platelet >=150,000 mm^3
-25% bone marrow involvement

35
Q

lab criteria n relapsed or refractory NHL

A

-platelet >= 100,000 mm^3
-25% bone marrow involvement

36
Q

shield ing used for zevalin

A

acrylic or acrylic combo

37
Q

whats the best shield material for pure beta

A

plastic or acrylic

38
Q

why does shileding with lead aka a high atomic number = no bueno

A

bremsstrahlung rad created

39
Q

y-90
t1/2 and energy

A

2.7 days and 2.3 MeV

40
Q

y90 travel length

A

5 mm

41
Q

y90 shield

A

acrylic

42
Q

is thryod protectin needd y90

A

no

43
Q

is isolation needed for y90

A

no

44
Q

i131 t1/2 and energy and length

A

8 days, 1 mm, 0.61 MeV

45
Q

what does i131 emit

A

beta and gamma

46
Q

gamma energy for i131

A

0.35 MeV

47
Q

is thyroid protection needed for i131

A

yes

48
Q

shiledin material for i131

A

lead

49
Q

isolation needed for i131?

A

yes

50
Q

what type of cx being treated with zevalin

A

NHL

theranostics (3 decks)

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