Monthly Exam December 3

Question 0

is a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can repro- duce and have fertile offspring.

Answer 0

Species

Question 1

is the process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors.

Answer 1

Evolution

Question 2

is a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can repro- duce and have fertile offspring.

Answer 2

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 3

discussed important ideas about relation- ships among organisms, sources of biological variation, and the possibility of evolution.

Answer 3

Georges Buffon

Question 4

considered how organisms could evolve through mechanisms such as competition.

Answer 4

Erasmus Darwin

Question 5

pre- sented evolution as occurring due to environmental change over long periods of time.

Answer 5

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Question 6

are traces of organisms that existed in the past.

Answer 6

Fossils

Question 7

states that natural disasters such as floods and volcanic eruptions have happened often during Earth’s long history.

Answer 7

catastrophism

Question 8

Scottish geologist James Hutton proposed that the changes he observed in landforms resulted from slow changes over a long period of time, a principle that became known as

Answer 8

Gradualism

Question 9

Lyell expanded
Hutton’s theory of gradualism into
the theory of

Answer 9

uniformitarianism