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Mental exam 3 > Mood Disorders (17) > Flashcards

Mood Disorders (17) Flashcards

1
Q

anergia

A

lack of energy

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2
Q

euthymic mood

A

average or normal mood

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3
Q

dysthymia

A

unusually low mood

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4
Q

2 major mood disorders

A

depressive and bipolar

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5
Q

manifestations of major mood disorder

A

anhedonia
sleep abnormalities
appetite changes
restlessness (psychomotor agitation),
suicidal thoughts

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6
Q

subtypes of depression

A

1) melancholic
2) mood congruent psychotic features
3) seasonal pattern
4) peripartum

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7
Q

peripartum onset

A

depression that affects pregnant women, manifesting with psychotic features

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8
Q

in which age group is depression less common?

A

older adults

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9
Q

which gender is more affected with depression?

A

women

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10
Q

etiology of depression

A

pessimism, cognitive distortions (mind reading, all-or-nothing thinking, discounting positives)

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11
Q

which deficiency of neurotransmitters is associated with depression?

A

serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine

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12
Q

other etiologies of depression

A

hypothyroidism, withdrawal from stimulants, beta-blockers, steroids, alcohol

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13
Q

effective psychotherapy for depression

A

CBT and group therapy

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14
Q

medications for depression

A

Fluoxetine, Sertraline, Paroxetine, Citalopram, Escitalopram

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15
Q

why are SSRIs safer?

A

produces few sedating, anticholinergic, and cardiovascular side effects

allows patients to be more compliant

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16
Q

nursing interventions for patients w/ depression

A

teach assertiveness techniques, explain that medications take 4 weeks for effect, teach the stages of grief and explain their feelings are normal

17
Q

what are the nursing implications for antidepressants?

A

administer medications in AM (if nervous) or PM (if drowsy), with food, adequate fluid intake, monitor for hyponatremia, avoid excess sugar, report sexual dysfunction

18
Q

manifestations of bipolar disorder

A

exhibits extreme manic and depressive mood

19
Q

manic mood

A

exuberant, highly creative and colorful, sexually suggestive, attention-getting

flight of ideas, pressured speech, no sleep, reckless behavior, highly distractible, agitated outbursts, grandiose delusions, auditory hallucinations

labile affect

20
Q

what is the rating scale for depression?

A

Hamilton Rating Scale

21
Q

how is hypomania different from mania?

A

likewise similar to mania but does not cause significant impairment

22
Q

etiology of Bipolar Disorder

A

stressful life events in childhood

23
Q

which neurotransmitters are involved with Bipolar Disorder?

A

excessive norepinephrine and dopamine

deficient serotonin

24
Q

medications for Bipolar Disorder

A

Lithium, Valproate and Carbamazepine (anticonvulsants), Risperidone and Clozapine (antipsychotics)

antidepressants are ineffective

25
Q

psychotherapy for bipolar disorder

A

CBT and group psychoeducation

26
Q

nursing interventions for bipolar

A

1) do not isolate the patient
2) decrease stimuli
3) set boundaries
4) give immediate feedback when boundaries are not respected
5) provide high protein and portable food and drink

27
Q

imminent risk factors of suicide

A

Ideation
Substance Abuse
Purposelessness
Anger
Trapped
Hopelessness
Withdrawing
Anxiety
Recklessness
Mood Shifts

28
Q

nursing interventions for suicide risk

A

normalize the client’s feelings that may lead to suicide, directly ask them, one-on-one constant supervision (also in the bathroom)

29
Q

why is a sudden improvement in mood dangerous for someone who is suicidal?

A

it’s an indication for immediate plans for suicide

30
Q

considerations for ECT consent

A

informed consent is highly important, but sometimes a court order is necessary for those who are too ill

31
Q

ECT anesthesia

A

short-acting anesthetics and paralytics

32
Q

ECT regimen

A

2-3 times per week for six to twelve treatments

maintenance ECT is also possible

33
Q

interventions for ECT

A

airway is highly important, anticholinergics must be administered beforehand, maintain IV

34
Q

what does dopamine do to the brain?

A

it is responsible for feelings of pleasure, motivation, and satisfaction

35
Q

what does serotonin do to the brain?

A

regulates mood

36
Q

what does norepinephrine do to the brain?

A

responsible for memory and attention

Mental exam 3 (5 decks)

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