More Nutrition

Question 1

energy producing components of food

Answer 1

protein carbohydrates and fat

Question 2

non energy producing components

Answer 2

vitamins, minerals and water

Question 3

amino acids

Answer 3

building blocks of protein, composed of mainly carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 4

biological value

Answer 4

a way to determine protein quality, if the protien has all essential amino acids then the protein is of high biological value, the higher the quality of protein the less needed in diet

Question 5

essential fatty acids

Answer 5

fats, linoleic acid for dog, arachidonic acid for cat

Question 6

carbohydrates

Answer 6

carbon hdyrogen and oxygen, monosaccharides (glucose), disaccharides (sucrose), oligosaccharides, and polysaccharide, major source of energy in pet foods

Question 7

simple sugars vs starches, fibres and their use:

Answer 7

fibre: carbohydrates which are not susceptible to enzymatic breakdown and arrive in the large intestine unchanged. indigestible starch, may be soluble or insoluble, non fermetable fibres slow transit time and create fullness

simple sugars: glucose absorbed rapidly by bloodstream, glucose is stored as glycogen in liver in excess in case of immediate need

starches: must be broken down by digestive process into simple sugars

Question 8

micro and macro minerals in body

Answer 8

micro- iron, manganese, zinc, copper, iodine and selenium, fluorine, chromium, boron, cobalt, and molybdenum. These elements are required in only trace amounts.

macro - required in significant amounts and include sodium, chloride, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, and sulfur

Question 9

there are 6 basic constituents of food these are called:

Answer 9

nutrients

Question 10

what are the 6 basic nutrients

Answer 10

carbohydrate, protein, fat, minerals, vitamins, water

Question 11

proteins are main structural componants and form:

Answer 11

Collagen and elastin are found in cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.

Actin and myosin are the contractile proteins in muscle.

Keratin proteins are in skin, hair, and nails.

Hemoglobin, albumin, and globulin are in the blood.

Question 12

Essential amino acids are amino acids which must be obtained from the diet (the animal is unable to synthesize these amino acids themselves). Dogs have ____ essential amino acids and cats have ___. Essential amino acids are used unchanged, since they cannot be created. Other amino acids become building blocks for proteins needed for the tissues.

Answer 12

dogs have 10, cats have 11

Question 13

Factors which increase an animals need for protein are

Answer 13

Surgery—need protein to repair tissues

Growth—puppies and kittens need a higher protein source than adults

Pregnancy and lactation

Injury—to repair tissues (e.g., burns)

Question 14

animal with normal BCS

Answer 14

have normal body contours, have readily palpable bony prominences, have intra abdominal fat, but doesn’t interfere with abdominal palpation