ms 8

Question 1

metatarsus adductus

Answer 1

(sharp, inward angle of forefoot) = normal – inbwteen second and 3rd toe > mild: ½ 3, moderate=inbetween 3 and 4, severe inbtw 4-5 …. Valgus inbtwn 1-2

Question 2

genu varum and valgum

Answer 2

Determining genu varum (bow legs – 18mnths) and genu valgum – Knock knee 3-4 years> straight legs around 6ys .

Question 3

Intercondylar distance:

Answer 3

The width between the knees when the feet are placed as close together as possible
• Most intercondylar separation Maximum “Bow Leg”
• Least intercondylar separation Maximum “Knock knee”
• Moving towards equal scores “Straight legs” NB gender

Question 4

Intermalleolar distance:

Answer 4

The width between the ankles when the child’s knees are placed together
• Least intermalleolar separation Maximum “Bow Leg”
• Most intermalleolar separation Maximum “Knock knee”
Moving towards equal scores “Straight legs” NB gender

Question 5

Flat foot/pes planus =

Answer 5

Tension the plantar fascia by extension of the great toe

Tip-­toe test

Question 6

Othro factors effecting bone dvlp

Answer 6

: Diet, genetics, length discrepancies, muscle strength, xray results, gait, activity levels (weight baring activity), NEED TO BANK BONE DENISTY BY THE END OF PUBERTY, weight, height, pain

Question 7

COG

Answer 7

Infants = COG is T12, adults =L5

Question 8

curves

Answer 8

Curves: 3-6 months cervical ext, 8 months = lumbar

Question 9

Out-toeing

Answer 9

– more commin up to 2yrs – hip ER

Question 10

In toeing

Answer 10

= 4-8yrs – MSK activity decreased medial femur torsion and increase lateral torsion of tibia over time