Muscle disease Flashcards
What is equine rhabdomyolysis syndrome?
muscle cramping/pain that occurs usually during or following exercise
What are the clinical signs of exertional rhabdomyolysis syndromes during episodes?
stiff movements
pain
sweating
tachycardia
myoglobinuria
rule out other diseases
plasma CK and AST activities
What is the tx of acute exertional rhabdomyolysis?
analgesics
IV or oral fluids
diruretics
fluids+diuretics to maintain urine output in attempts to prevent or minimise the nephrotoxic effects of myoglobin
What does CK activity changes pre and 6h post exercise tell us?
any rise in CK activity is considered significant
elevates quickly after muscle dz
What is recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis RER?
possible defect in calcium regulation in a small group of thoroughbreds in the USA
How can we prevent RER?
oral dantrolene: calcium release channel blocker
high fat/low carb diet
regular exercise/turn out
What is polysaccharide storage myopathy type 1?
autosomal dominant heritable
mutation in glycogen synthase gene in skeletal muscle
causes exertional rhabdomyolysis
What is coccygeal muscle injury?
limber/cold/rudder tail often in working breeds
pain at tail base, mild elevation in Ck
recovery over several days, rest, nsaids
What are 3 types of ion channelopathies?
sarcolemmal sodium pump: hyperkalaemic paralysis in quarter horses
ryanodine receptor RYR1: malignant hyperthermia in mixed breed dogs, landrace pigs, quarter horses
calcium ATPase: congenital pseudomyotonia of chianina cattle
What is the common cell signaling defect?
mutation of myostatin (TGF beta protein)
What are causes for fibrotic myopathy in horses?
muscle tear
IM injection
neuropathy
What is hypoglycin A and what does it cause?
plant toxin in sycamore trees (helicopter seeds)
ingestion causes atypical myopathy
