Muscle Tissue/Organization

Question 1

skeletal muscle

Answer 1

-can be identified from the exterior
-each cell spans the length of the entire muscle
-skeletal muscle cells = muscle fibers
Function:
-body movement -> pulling on bones; levers
-maintenance of posture by contraction of specific muscles to stabilize joints
-temperature regulation
-storage and movement of material
-supporting/stabilizing internal internal structures

Question 2

hypertrophy

Answer 2

-increase in muscle fiber size, following regular exercise

Question 3

sphincter

Answer 3

circular muscle band; contract at orifices of gastrointestinal tract/urinary tract
-first sphincter is the obicularis oris

Question 4

orifice

Answer 4

opening in gastrointestinal/urinary tracts

Question 5

aponeurosis

Answer 5

thin, flattened, tendonous sheet

Question 6

tendon

Answer 6

connective tissue that merges with muscle to connect to bone

-some elasticity

Question 7

tendonitis

Answer 7

inflammation of a tendon, or synovial sheath surrounding tendon.
Cause:
-overuse
-with age, loss of elasticity, loss of ability to slide smoothly.

Question 8

somatic nervous system

Answer 8

(voluntary) nervous system that controls voluntary muscles

Question 9

motor neurons

Answer 9

stimulate muscle contractions
efferent neurons (travel away from CNS)

Question 10

atrophy

Answer 10

wasting away of muscle fibers due to not being contracted by impulses of motor neurons

Question 11

sensory neurons

Answer 11

afferent neurons (travel towards the CNS)
-send impulses to brain about activity in the muscles