Muscular System

Question 1

Muscular system

Answer 1

System composed of all the muscles of the body and concerned with movements of the total body as well as well as movements within the body

Question 2

Contractility

Answer 2

Ability of muscle tissue to shorten or contract

Question 3

Extensibility

Answer 3

Ability of muscle tissue to be extended or stretched within limits

Question 4

Elasticity

Answer 4

Ability of muscle tissue to return to its original state after being stretched

Question 5

Irritability

Answer 5

The susceptibility of muscle tissue to react to external stimuli

Question 6

Tonus

Answer 6

State in which muscle is partially contracted allowing it to react instantly when stimulated

Question 7

Nervous control: involuntary

Answer 7

Muscles NOT subject to the control of the will

1. Cardiac and smooth muscle are of the type.

Question 8

Nervous control: voluntary

Answer 8

Muscle subject to the control of the will

1. Skeletal muscle is of this type

Question 9

Smooth muscle

Answer 9

It is located comprising the walls of the internal organs as well as the blood vessels of the body
1. It does not appear striated.

Question 10

Smooth muscle

Answer 10

Long spindles that are think in the center and tapered at the ends.
1 nuclei per cell

Question 11

Cardiac muscle

Answer 11

It is located in the heart
It appears striated
1 nuclei per cell

Question 12

Skeletal muscle

Answer 12

Composed of very long cells (up to 4 cm)

Question 13

Multinucleate

Answer 13

1 nucleus is needed to carry out cellular functions

Question 14

Sacro

Answer 14

Muscle

Question 15

Sarcolemma

Answer 15

Cell membrane

Question 16

Sarcoplasm

Answer 16

Cytoplasm

Question 17

Myofilaments

Answer 17

Is a special type of organelle is found within skeletal muscle cells

Question 18

What are the two types of myofilaments found in the myofibril

Answer 18

Actin and myosin

Arranged in patterns that appears as alternating light and dark bands

Question 19

Fascia

Answer 19

Connective tissue located surrounding muscles and between adjacent muscles

Question 20

Fascia function

Answer 20

Permits gliding of 1 muscle over another

Provides pathway for passage of vessels and nerves

Question 21

Function

Answer 21

Extensor digitorum

Question 22

Shape

Answer 22

Trapezius

Question 23

Location

Answer 23

Tobialis anterior

Question 24

Number of heads of origin

Answer 24

Biceps brachii

Question 25

Structure (direction of fibers)

Answer 25

External oblique

Question 26

Organ

Answer 26

Non-movable point of attachment

Question 27

Insertion

Answer 27

Moveable point of attachment

Question 28

Action

Answer 28

Movement a particular muscle produces

Question 29

Innervation

Answer 29

Nerve supply to a muscle

Question 30

Muscle attachments

Answer 30

Bone 
Cartilage 
Skin 
Fascia 
Tendons 
Aponeurosis

Question 31

Blood supply of muscle

Answer 31

Skeletal muscles are involved in movement and are very active organs
They require a substantial amount of blood

Question 32

Nerve supply of muscle: Motor or efferent

Answer 32

Nerve fibers carry nerve impulses from receptors (muscle spindles) in the muscle to the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)

Question 33

Nerve supply of muscle: sensory or afferent

Answer 33

Nerve fibers carry nerve impulses from central nervous system to muscle

Question 34

Prime mover or agonist

Answer 34

A muscle that directly produces the desired movement

1. Ex when the extensor digitorum muscle extends the digits, it is acting as a prime mover or agonist

Question 35

Antagonist

Answer 35

A muscle that produces a movement opposite to that of a prime mover or agonist
Example The flexor digitorum profundus which flexes the digits is antagonist to the extensor Digitorum

Question 36

Synergist

Answer 36

A muscle that adds a little extra force to help the prime mover or agonist perform the desirable movements
Example of this includes the flexor digitorum profundus muscle which is assisted by the flexor digitorum superficialis when flexing the digits

Question 37

Fixators

Answer 37

Muscle that maintain body position while a part is moving
This occurs in the shoulder one the muscle (serrated anterior) holds the scapula at an angle so that the humerus can move
The muscle that flexes the scapula is acting as fixator