Muscular System Disorders Flashcards
Muscle cramps
Symptoms: muscle contracts violently, muscle is hard/tense
Causes: over-exertion, lack of ATP
Treatments: messaging, stretching, drinking fluids
Pulled Tendons
Symptoms: sudden pain after injury, swollen
Causes: separation of muscle from bone, too much stress or unnatural movement of joint
Treatments: ice, crutches, prescribed drugs, therapy, possible surgical repair
Hernia
Symptoms: protrusion of organ
Causes: overexertion (lifting)
Treatments: truss/bandage, push back into cavity (actually you shouldn’t touch it but whatever)
Botulism
Serious form of food poisoning
Symptoms: impaired vision, weakening muscles, can lead to paralysis or even death
Causes: bacteria in canned food
Treatments: antitoxin
Usually has a high fatality rate
Multiple Sclerosis
Symptoms: impaired vision, speech, and coordination, loss of bladder/bowel control, weakness in limbs
Causes: unknown, due to destruction of sheath around neurons
Treatments: no known cure, remission periods, therapy
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s Disease)
Symptoms: impaired speech and swallowing, muscle twitches, muscle atrophy, weight loss
Causes: unknown, due to destruction of motor neurons
Treatments: no cure, therapy helps, injected vitamin b-12 and b-6 can help
Poliomyelitis (polio)
Symptoms: mild infection, muscle stiffness and spasms, difficulty in swallowing and breathing
Causes: virus (moves from digestive tract to nervous system)
Treatments: no cure, prevention of disease has almost wiped it out
Muscular Dystrophy
Symptoms: weakening of muscles, difficulty in movement
Causes: most likely genetic, loss of protein fibers which are replaced by fat
Treatments: no cure, physical therapy helps, some drugs may build up proteins
Myasthenia Gravis
Symptoms: muscle weakness, fatigue, impaired vision, dropping eyelids/double vision
Causes: abnormal antibodies in blood, receptors not responding to acetylcholine
Treatments: drugs, surgical removal of thymus gland
Tetanus (lockjaw)
Symptoms: fast pulse, stiffening of jaw, painful spasms
Causes: puncture wounds contaminated with soil, dust, or animal waste
Treatments: immunization, tetanus booster, tetanus antitoxin within 72 hours
Muscle strain or pull
Symptoms: pain in affected muscle, tenderness, swelling
Causes: over stretching of muscle fibers
Treatments: ice, reduce swelling and pain, rest, heat
Rigor Mortis
Symptoms: stiffened muscles
Causes: no ATP to relax muscles
Treatments: no point in trying to treat it bc you’re already dead
Confusion or Muscle Bruise
Symptoms: blueish skin
Causes: severe blow to blood vessels
Treatments: rest, time
Shin splints
Symptoms: soreness of the front of the lower leg
Causes: walking up and down hills, heavy impact on lower leg
Treatments: time
