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Med Term > Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

Arthritis

A

Inflammation of a joint usually accompanied by pain, swelling, and stiffness

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2
Q

Arthroplasty

A

Surgery to reshape, reconstruct, or replace a diseased or damaged joint

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3
Q

Articulation

A

Connection between two bones; also called a joint

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4
Q

Contraction

A

Shortening or tightening of a muscle

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5
Q

Musculoskeletal

A

Pertaining to muscles and the skeleton

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6
Q

Radiography

A

Production of captured shadow images on photographic film through the action of ionizing radiation passing through the body from an external source

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7
Q

Synovial fluid

A

Lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane in the joint

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8
Q

Fasci/o

A

Band, fascia (fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles)

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9
Q

Fibr/o

A

Fiber, fibrous tissue

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10
Q

Leiomy/o

A

Smooth muscle (visceral)

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11
Q

Lumb/o

A

Loins (lower back)

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12
Q

Muscul/o

A

Muscle

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13
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

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14
Q

Ten/o

A

Tendon

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15
Q

Tend/o

A

Tendon

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16
Q

Tendin/o

A

Tendon

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17
Q

Carp/o

A

Carpus (wrist bones)

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18
Q

Cervic/o

A

Neck; cervix uteri

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19
Q

Cost/o

A

Ribs

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20
Q

Crani/o

A

Cranium (skull)

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21
Q

Humer/o

A

Humerus (upper arm bone)

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22
Q

Metacarp/o

A

Metacarpus (hand bones)

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23
Q

Phalang/o

A

Phalanges (bones of fingers and toes)

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24
Q

Spondyl/o

A

Vertebra

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25
Q

Vertebr/o

A

Vertebra

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26
Q

Stern/o

A

Sternum (breastbone)

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27
Q

Calcane/o

A

Calcaneum (heel bone)

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28
Q

Femor/o

A

Femur (thigh bone)

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29
Q

Fibul/o

A

Fibula (smaller, outer bone of lower leg)

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30
Q

Patell/o

A

Patella (kneecap)

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31
Q

Pelv/i

A

Pelvis

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32
Q

Pelv/o

A

Pelvis

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33
Q

Radi/o

A

Radiation, xray, radius

34
Q

Tibi/o

A

Tibia

35
Q

Ankyl/o

A

Stiffness; bent, crooked

36
Q

Arthr/o

A

Joint

37
Q

Chondr/o

A

Cartilage

38
Q

Lamin/o

A

Lamina (part of vertebral arch)

39
Q

Myel/o

A

Bone marrow; spinal cord

40
Q

Orth/o

A

Straight

41
Q

Oste/o

A

Bone

42
Q

-clasia

A

To break; surgical fracture

43
Q

-clast

A

To break

44
Q

-plegia

A

Paralysis

45
Q

-sarcoma

A

Malignant tumor of connective tissue

46
Q

Dia-

A

Through, across

47
Q

Peri-

A

Around

48
Q

Muscular dystrophy (MD)

A

Group of hereditary disease characterized by progressive degeneration or the muscles, leading to increasing weakness and debilitation including Duchenne Dystrophy

49
Q

Myasthenia Gravis (MG)

A

Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive fatigue and severe muscle weakness particularly evident with facial muscles and ptosis of the eyelids

50
Q

Rotator Cuff Injury

A

Injury to the capsule of the shoulder joint which is reinforced by muscles and tendons

51
Q

Sprain

A

Trauma to a joint that causes injury yo the surrounding ligament, accompanied by pain and disability, such as an eversion sprain that occurs when the foot is twisted out

52
Q

Strain

A

Trauma to a muscle from overuse or excessive forcible stretch

53
Q

Torricollis

A

Spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles causing stiffness and twisting of the neck

54
Q

Arthritis

A

Inflammation of a joint usually accompanied by pain swelling and commonly changes in structure

55
Q

Gouty

A

Arthritis caused by excessive uric acid in the body; also called gout

56
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Progressive, degenerative joint disease characterized by bone spurs (osteophytes) and destruction of articulated cartilage

57
Q

Bunion

A

Deformity characterized by lateral deviation of the great toe as it turns in toward the second toe with an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe

58
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

A

Pain or numbness resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel (wrist canal through which the flexor tendons and median nerve pass)

59
Q

Contracture

A

Fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint

60
Q

Crepitation

A

Grating sound made by movement of bone ends rubbings together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction

61
Q

Ewing sarcoma

A

Malignant tumor that develops from bone marrow, usually in the long bones or the pelvis, and most commonly affecting adolescent boys

62
Q

Ganglion cyst

A

Noncancerous jellylike fluid-filled lumps that most commonly develop along the tendons or joints of the wrists or hands, but may also appear in the feet

63
Q

Herniated disk

A

Herniating or rupture of the nucleus pulposus between two vertebrae

64
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Infection that encompasses all bone (osseous) components including the bone marrow

65
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Decrease in bone density with an increase in porosity causing bones to become brittle and increasing the risk of fractures

66
Q

Paget disease

A

Abnormal bone destruction and regrowth of either one or several bones at numerous sites that results in deformity; most commonly occurs in pelvis skull spine and legs

67
Q

Rickets

A

Form of osteomalachia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency

68
Q

Sequestrum

A

Fragment of a necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue

69
Q

Talipes Equinovarus

A

Clubfoot

70
Q

Spondylitis

A

Inflammation of one or more vertebrae

71
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin that first affects the spine and is characterized by fusion and loss of mobility of two or more vertebrae

72
Q

Spondylolisthesis

A

Partial forward dislocation of one vertebra over the one below it, most commonly the fifth lumbar vertebra over the first sacral vertebra

73
Q

Subluxation

A

Partial or incomplete dislocation of a bone from its normal location within a joint causing loss of function of the joint

74
Q

Arthrocentesis

A

Puncture of a joint space with a needle to obtain samples of synovial fluid for diagnostic purposes, instill meds, or remove accumulated fluid from joints to relieve pain

75
Q

Arthroscopy

A

Visual examination of the interior of a joint and its structures using a thin flexible fiberoptic scope which contains a camera and projects images onto a minute to guide instruments during procedures

76
Q

Arthroplasty

A

Surgical reconstruction or replacement of a painful degenerated joint to restore mobility in rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis or to correct a congenital deformity

77
Q

Total hiparthroplasty

A

Replacement of the femoral head and acetabulum with prostheses that are fastened into the bones; total hip replacement

78
Q

Sequestrectomy

A

Excision of a sequestrum (segment of necrosed bone)

79
Q

Bone reabsorption inhibitors

A

Reduce the reabsorption of bones in treatment of weak and fragile bones as seen in osteoporosis and paget disease

80
Q

Gold salts

A

Treat rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting activity within the immune system and preventing further disease progression

81
Q

Muscle relaxants

A

Relieve muscle spasms pain and stiffness

82
Q

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

A

Relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation in treatment of musculoskeletal conditions such as sprains and strains and inflammatory disorders

Med Term (11 decks)

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