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Islam > Muslim Beliefs > Flashcards

Muslim Beliefs Flashcards

1
Q

1.1 What are the Six Beliefs?


A

The Six Beliefs refer to the core principles of Islam: belief in Allah (Tawhid), belief in angels (Malaikah), belief in divine books, belief in prophets (Risalah), belief in the Day of Judgment, and belief in divine decree.

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2
Q

1.1 Describe the belief in Allah (Tawhid).


A

Allah is the supreme being, creator of the universe. Without him, nothing would exist.

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3
Q

1.1 How is the belief in Allah (Tawhid) expressed today?


A

Recognizing Allah as the creator encourages Muslims to be thankful for the life they have been given, and to express gratitude through prayer.

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4
Q

1.1 Describe the belief in the Angels of Allah (Malaikah).

A

Angels are heavenly beings created by Allah to perform various tasks.

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5
Q

1.1 How is the belief in the Angels of Allah (Malaikah) expressed today?

A

When Muslims end their prayers they turn their head to the right and left and say, ‘peace be upon you’, to the angels and to anyone they’re praying next to.

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6
Q

1.1 Describe the belief in the books of Allah.

A

The books of Allah contain teachings Allah has given to humans.

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7
Q

1.1 How is the belief in the books of Allah expressed today?

A

Muslims study the books of Allah to improve their knowledge on their religion.

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8
Q

1.1 Describe the belief in the messengers of Allah (Risalah).

A

A messenger/prophet is a person chosen by Allah to guide people to the right path.

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9
Q

1.1 How is the belief in the messengers of Allah (Risalah) expressed today?

A

Many Muslims are named after different prophets so they can learn from their example.

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10
Q

1.1 Describe the belief in the Day of Judgement.

A

It refers to a time when the dead will be resurrected and Allah will decide whether they go Jannah or Jahannam.

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11
Q

1.1 How is the belief in the Day of Judgement expressed today?

A

Muslims are reminded of their limited time on earth and the inevitable meeting with Allah, especially when they attend funerals.

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12
Q

1.1 Describe the belief in the decree of Allah.

A

Allah has supreme power over the universe. He gave humans free will but will not interfere unless he wishes to.

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13
Q

1.1 How is the belief in the decree of Allah expressed today?

A

Muslims are reminded about the need to accept God’s will and seek blessing on a special night called Laylat al-Qadr.

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14
Q

1.1 SOW- Hadith, Kitab al-iman.

A

“[Faith] is that you believe in Allah, and His angels, and His books, and His messengers, and in the Last Day, and in the decree of Allah”

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15
Q

1.1 What are the importance of these principles to Sunni Muslims?

A
  • Its compulsory for Sunni Muslims to believe in the six beliefs.
    -Believing in it will ensure they are on the right path and will earn the pleasure of Allah.
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16
Q

1.2 What are the 5 roots of ‘Usul ad-Din.

A

Oneness of Allah (Tawhid), prophethood (Nubuwwah), justice of Allah (Adl’), God given leadership (Imamah) and the day of judgement (Mi’ad).

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17
Q

1.2 Describe Tawhid + Surah 112.

A
  • Belief in the oneness of Allah.
  • Allah is unique.
  • “He is God the One, God the eternal”.
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18
Q

1.2 Describe Nubuwwah.

A
  • Belief in prophethood.
  • A chain of messengers from Adam to Prophet Muhammad, have been sent to preach Tawhid.
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19
Q

1.2 Describe Adl’ (Adalat).

A
  • Belief that Allah is just.
  • Allah will bring about justice.
  • Muslims should demonstrate fairness in everything they do.
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20
Q

1.2 Describe Imamah.

A
  • Means God-given leadership
  • Shi’a Muslims believe the successors to Muhammad are the Imams form his family.
  • Majority of Shi’a Muslims (Twelvers) believe there have been 12 Imams, while other (Seveners) believe there have been fewer.
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21
Q

1.2 Describe Mi’ad.

A
  • Belief in a Day of Judgement and Resurrection
  • After death, each individual will be judged by Allah and rewarded or punished for their actions.
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22
Q

1.2 What are the importance of these principles to Shi’a Muslims?

A
  • Its compulsory for them to believe in the 5 roots.
  • Believing in it will ensure they focus on the most important aspects of their faith, and guide their actions in daily life.
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23
Q

1.3 Characteristics of Allah- Tawhid

A

Means ‘oneness’ and is the belief that Allah is unique and has no partner or family. To associate partners with Allah is shirk.

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24
Q

1.3 Tawhid- Surah 16: 36

A

“Worship God and shun false Gods”.

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25
Q

1.3 Characteristics of Allah- Immanence + SOW

A
  • Allah acts in the world.
  • “We are closer to him than his jugular vein”.
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26
Q

1.3 Characteristics of Allah- Transcendence + SOW

A
  • Allah is above and beyond all his creations.
  • “All creations and commands belong to him”.
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27
Q

1.3 Characteristics of Allah- Omnipotence + SOW

A
  • Allah is all-powerful.
  • “He has power over all things”.
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28
Q

1.3 Characteristics of Allah- Beneficence + SOW

A
  • Allah is all-loving.
  • “not restricted”.
29
Q

1.3 Characteristics of Allah- Mercy + SOW

A
  • Everything Allah does is out of kindness- even punishment.
  • “My mercy embraces all things”.
30
Q

1.3 Characteristics of Allah- Fairness/Justice + SOW

A
  • Allah treats people according to how they lived their lives.
  • Adalat is one of the 5 roots.
  • “If you judge between people, do so with justice”.
31
Q

1.3 Why are the characteristics of Allah important to Muslims?

A
  • Although it’s impossible to fully understand Allah, knowing some of his characteristics can help them establish a close relationship.
  • It can help them reflect Allah’s characteristics on themself (e.g. being beneficent).
32
Q

1.4 What is the nature of prophethood?

A
  • Muslims believe that prophets are human beings appointed by Allah to communicate with people and guide them to the truth.
  • 25 prophets named in the Qur’an but approximately 12400 prophets sent my Allah.
33
Q

1.4 What is the importance of prophethood? (+SOW)

A
  • Muslims are required to believe in all prophets:
    “We believe in God and what was sent down to us”.
    “We make no distinction between any of them”.
  • They set a good example
  • Brings them closer to Allah
  • They guide Muslims on how they should live
34
Q

1.4 warner SOW.

A
  • “Every community has been sent a warner”.
35
Q

1.4 Adam.

A
  • First prophet and man.
  • was expelled from a garden for making a mistake- shows Muslims to not be tempted by Satan.
  • But Allah forgave him.
36
Q

1.4 Ibrahim.

A
  • Obedient to Allah.
  • He offered his son as a sacrifice to Allah.
37
Q

1.4 Isma’il.

A
  • Helped rebuild the Ka’bah in Makkah.
  • Didn’t hesitate to sacrifice himself- shows Muslims to trusts in Allah.
38
Q

1.4 Musa

A
  • Main founder of Judaism who led the Jews out of slavery in Egypt.
  • Teachings given to him in the Tawrat.
  • Example of how Allah rewards perseverance during suffering.
39
Q

1.4 Dawud.

A
  • Became a King after defeating Goliath.
  • Example of how Allah gives honour to his chosen ones.
40
Q

1.4 Isa.

A
  • He was given the Injil, one of the most important revelations before the Qur’an.
  • Muslims don’t believe that he died on a cross and was the Son of God.
41
Q

1.4 Muhammad.

A
  • Last messenger to be given a Scripture (Qur’an).
  • Only prophet to be given a message for the whole world.
  • Muslims who follow the example of Muhammad will please Allah.
42
Q

1.5 What is the nature and history of holy books?

A
  • Muslims believe that all revelations to the prophets originally came from Allah.
  • Some holy books were only meant for a particular group of people at a particular time.
  • Many teachings were lost or changed so became unreliable —> so Allah revealed the Qur’an to be the final book.
43
Q

1.5 Tawrat + SOW.

A
  • Given to Musa.
  • “We revealed the Torah with guidance and light”.
44
Q

1.5 Sahifah + SOW.

A
  • Given to Ibrahim.
  • “Has he not been told what was written in the Scripture of Moses and of Abraham”.
45
Q

1.5 Zabur + SOW.

A
  • Given to Dawud.
  • “To David we gave the book [of Psalms]”.
46
Q

1.5 Injil + SOW.

A
  • Given to Isa.
  • “A guide and lesson for those who take heed of God”.
47
Q

1.5 Qur’an + SOW.

A
  • Given to Muhammad.
  • “Th Qur’an… was taught to him by [an angel] with mighty powers”.
48
Q

1.5 What is the importance of the holy books for Muslims today? (+SOW).

A
  • “Let there be no doubt about it”.
  • Guidance.
  • Muslims show respect because they’re sent by Allah.
  • Qur’an is protected from corruption.
  • Qur’an is the only book of all times and all people.
49
Q

1.6 What are Angels (Malaikah)?

A
  • Created to perform various tasks.
  • Have no free will –>only obey commands of Allah.
  • Not physical beings–> can take a physical form.
50
Q

1.6 How is angel Jibril shown in the Qur’an? (+SOW).

A
  • Communicates Allah’s message to prophets.
  • Revealed the Qur’an to Prophet Muhammad.
  • “We only descend at you Lord’s command”.
51
Q

1.6 How is angel Izra’il shown in the Qur’an? (+SOW).

A
  • ‘Angel of Death’.
  • Responsible for taking the soul of humans when they die.
  • “You will be brought back to your Lord”.
52
Q

1.6 How is angel Mika’il shown in the Qur’an?

A
  • ‘Angel of Mercy’.
    -Responsible for overseeing the provision and maintenance of life.
53
Q

1.6 SOW about Jibril and Mika’il.

A

” If anyone is an enemy of God, His angels and His messengers, of Gabriel and Michael, the God is certainly an enemy of such disbelievers”.

54
Q

1.6 What do the Angels Kiraman Katibin do?

A

They record every good and bad deed every person does, which are presented to Allah on the Day of Judgement.

55
Q

1.6 What is the importance of angels for Muslims?

A
  • They help believers in times of need.
  • It’s the 2nd of the 6 Beliefs
  • Each angel has a role that affects the lives of Muslims.
56
Q

1.7 What is al-Qadr?

A
  • Predestination.
  • Belief that Allah has preordained things and put in place fixed universal laws.
57
Q

1.7 How does al-Qadr and human freedom relate to the Day of Judgement?

A
  • Allah has a plan for the world and has the power to make it happen.
  • But this doesn’t mean that a person is forced to do anything–> Muslims believe that everyone can do what they like.
  • Although humans have free will to make a decision, Allah already knows the decision they’ll make.
  • SAHIH AL-BUKHARI- supports the idea that a person’s destiny is set by Allah.
  • Because humans have been given free will, they need to be responsible for their choices–> why there is a Judgement Day.
58
Q

1.7 What is the Sunni understanding about predestination?

A
  • 1 of 6 beliefs.
  • although we have choices, our destiny is already set.
  • Freedom isn’t taken away, but Allah already knows the choice we’ll make.
59
Q

1.7 What is the Shi’a understanding about predestination?

A
  • Believe that Allah can change a person’s destiny depending on the actions they take.
60
Q

1.7 What are the implications of al-Qadr for Muslims today?

A
  • Muslims trust Allah is in control of everything.
  • Al-Qadr has a close connection with Akhirah so reminds them that they must be prepared to answer for what they’ve done in this life.
  • Confirms Allah’s omnipotence.
61
Q

1.8 Describe Judgement + SOW.

A
  • Also known as resurrection
  • Allah judges each person to decide their after-life
  • ” On that day people will be separated”.
62
Q

1.8 SOW about Akhirah.

A
  • The one “who will bring us back” will be “The One who created you”.
63
Q

1.8 Describe life after death.

A
  • Physical life is temporary and all humans will be raised in the next life (Akhirah).
  • Izra’il will take a dead person’s soul to barzakh, where they wait until D of J
64
Q

1.8 Describe Paradise (Jannah) + SOW.

A
  • A place of eternal beauty and perfect happiness.
  • “What a blessed reward”.
65
Q

1.8 Describe Hell (Jahannam) + SOW.

A
  • A place of punishment for those who have done wrong.
  • “The fire will scorch their faces”.
66
Q

1.8 How does the belief in Akhirah affect the life of Muslims?

A
  • Affects how Muslims live and treat others–> know that they’ll be judged.
  • Encourages Muslims and gives hope for the next life.
67
Q

1.8 What are the similarities between Muslim and Christian beliefs about life after death?

A
  • Life is a test to determine their afterlife.
  • Both believe in heaven and hell.
  • Share ideas in regards to resurrection.
68
Q

1.8 What are the differences between Muslim and Christian beliefs about life after death?

A
  • Christians accept sacrifice of Jesus to atone for their sins.
  • Some Christians accept purgatory.
  • Some Christians believe all will go to heaven (universalism.).

Islam (3 decks)

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