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MusSkinCT > MusSkinCT > Flashcards

MusSkinCT Flashcards

1
Q

Name some NSAIDs

A

Ibuprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, ketorolac, diclofenac

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2
Q

NSAID toxicity

A

interstitial nephritis, gastric ulcer (PGs protect gastric mucosa), renal ischemia (PGs dilate afferent arteriole)

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3
Q

Celecoxib

A

COX-2 inhibitor. Increases risk of thrombosis. Sulfa allergy

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4
Q

Bisphosphonate toxicity

A

corrosive esophagitis, osteonecrosis of jaw

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5
Q

Allopurinol

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor (remember asothiprine and 6MP metabolized by XO)

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6
Q

Febuxostat

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor (remember asothiprine and 6MP metabolized by XO)

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7
Q

Probenecid

A

Inhibits resorption of uric acid in PCT (also inhibits secretion of penicillin)

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8
Q

Colchicine

A

binds and stabilizes tubulin inhibiting polymerization. (impairs leukocyte chemotaxis and degranulation) GI side effects

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9
Q

What do you give in acute gout flare?

A

NSAIDs (naproxen or indomethacin) and glucocorticoids (oral or intrarticular)

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10
Q

Etanercept

A

TNF decoy receptor (TNF-alpha receptor + IgG1 Fc). Use in RA, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis

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11
Q

Name the two Ab anti-TNF

A

Infliximab and adalimumab. Crohn’s, RA, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis

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12
Q

Atrophied deltoid

A

Axillary (C5,6) fracture of surgical neck, dislocation of humeral head

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13
Q

Wrist drop

A

Radial (C5-T1) fracture of midshaft of humerus or compression of axilla.

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14
Q

“Ape hand” “benediciton hand”

A

Median (C5-T1) fracture of supracondylar humerus.

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15
Q

Radial deviation of wrist upon wrist felxion

A

Ulnar (C8-T1) fracture of medial epicondyle

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16
Q

Sensory deficit on lateral forearm

A

Musculocutaneous (C5-C7) upper trunk compression

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17
Q

Erb-Duchenne palsy

A

traction or tear of upper trunk of brachial plexus (C5, C6 roots) “waiter tip”

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18
Q

Klumpke’s palsy and thoracic outlet syndrome

A

inferior trunck or brachial plexus. Thenar and hypothenar atrophy. Interosseus atrophy. Sensory deficit on medial side of forearm and hand. Radial pulse disappears when moving head to ipsilateral side

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19
Q

Ulnar claw

A

hook of hamate. Loss of medial lumbrical function, can’t extend 4 and 5

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20
Q

median claw

A

can’t straighten 2 and 3. loss of lateral lumbricals. Carpal tunnel or dislocated lunate

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21
Q

What muscles make the thenar compartment?

A

opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis

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22
Q

What muscles make the hypothenar compartment?

A

opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi

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23
Q

Dorsal interosseous muscles

A

Abduct (deep branch of ulnar)

24
Q

Palmar interoseus muscles

A

Adduct (deep branch of ulnar)

25
Q

Can’t adduct thigh?

A

obturator nerve (L2-L4). Anterior hip dislocation

26
Q

Can’t flex thigh or extend leg?

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4). Pelvic fracture

27
Q

Can’t invert foot, plantar flex or toe flex?

A

Tibial nerve (L4-S3) knee trauma

28
Q

Can’t evert foot, dorsal flex, extend toe?

A

Common peroneal (fibular) nerve (L4-S2) Compress or fracture fibular neck

29
Q

Can’t abduct thigh?

A

superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1). Posterior hip dislocation

30
Q

Can’t jump, climb stairs or rise from seat?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2). Posterior hip dislocation

31
Q

RA

A

Type III hypersensitivity, HLA-DR4. NSAIDs, glucocorticoids, MTX, sulfasalazine, TNF-alpha inhibitors

32
Q

Osteo necrosis risk factors

A

trauma, high-dose corticosteroids, alcoholism, sickle cell. Femoral head

33
Q

Positive RPR/VDRL in someone with malar rash?

A

SLE (antiphospholipids Ab cross react with cardiolipin used in test)

34
Q

hyperkeratosis

A

increased thickness of stratum corneum (e.g. psoriasis)

35
Q

Parakeratosis

A

Hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei in stratum corneum (HPV infection)

36
Q

Acantholysis

A

Seperation of epidermal cells (e.g. pemphigus vulgaris)

37
Q

Acanthosis

A

epidermal hyperplasia (increased spinosum) (e.g. aconthosis nigricans)

38
Q

Dermatitis

A

Inflammation of the skin (e.g. atopic dermatitis)

39
Q

Erythema multiforme

A

Associated with infections, drugs, cancers, and autoimmune disease

40
Q

Penphigus vulgaris

A

desmosome

41
Q

Bullous pemphigoid

A

hemidesmosome

42
Q

dermatitis herpetiformis

A

celiac disease

43
Q

acanthosis nigricans

A

hyperinsulinemia, visceral malignancy

44
Q

Erythema nodosum

A

inflammatory lesions of subQ fat usually anterior shins. Sarcoid, coccidioidomycosis, histo, TB, strep, leprosy, Crohn’s

45
Q

Lichen Planus

A

infiltrate of lymphos at dermal epidermal junction. HepC

46
Q

Pityriasis rosea

A

self-resolving

47
Q

hairy leukoplakia

A

white, painlesss plaques on tongue that can’t be scraped off. EBV mediated. (HIV disease)

48
Q

S-100

A

melanoma

49
Q

How do you get arachidonic acid out of cell membrane?

A

Phospholipase A2

50
Q

What does Zileuton block?

A

Lipoxygenase (leukotriene synthesis)

51
Q

What do NSAIDs block?

A

Cyclooxygenase (prostacyclin, prostaglandin, and thromboxane synthesis)

52
Q

LTB4

A

Neutrophil chemotaxis

53
Q

LTC4, LTD4

A

increase bronchial tone

54
Q

Prostacyclin (PGI2)

A

decreased platelet aggregation, vascular tone, bronchial tone, uterine tone

55
Q

PGE2, PGF2alpha

A

Increase uterine tone, decrease vascular tone and bronchial tone

56
Q

TXA2

A

increase platelet aggregation, vascular tone, bronchial tone

MusSkinCT (1 decks)

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